arriver French · revision 16034

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=inherited|attested=mid-11th century, Vie de saint Alexis|origins=la rīpa}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA: /a.ʁi.ve/^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''arriver'''^(Wiktionary)

+ [[fro|ariver]] (mid-11th century).^(Grand Robert 2005)^(DHLF 1992)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[inh|fro|ariver]], [[inh|la-vul|*arripō|alt=*arripāre|t=to reach the shore]],^(DHLF 1992)^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)^(Grand Robert 2005)^(REW 1935) from “ad-” and [[la|rīpa|t=bank, shore]] (see [[rive]]); the Petit Robert records “arripare” in 9th-century Latin.^(Petit Robert 2007)^(GLLF 1989) Like “démarrer”, it is a seafaring word whose sense widened.^(DHLF 1992)

+

+ Compare [[pro|arribar]], [[ca|arribar]] and [[es|arribar]]; [[it|arrivare]] was taken from French.^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)^(REW 1935)^(Littré 1873)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The ''Vie de saint Alexis'' (mid-11th century) has ''ariver'' in its original sense, “to land, come ashore”.^(GLLF 1989)^(Grand Robert 2005)^(DHLF 1992)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ The seafaring value lasted until the 15th century beside the general sense “to reach one's destination” (12th century: ''Quand arriva Richart de Vermandois''), which spread so that from the 16th century the origin was no longer felt, even in ''arriver à bon port''.^(DHLF 1992)^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)^(Littré 1873) In sailing it has meant “to bear away, sail off the wind” since 1573 (''arriver tout plat'', 1771), a sense Spanish ''arribar'' had earlier (Columbus, 1493).^(DHLF 1992)

+

+ Figurative uses include ''arriver à'' “to reach (a state); to manage to”, ''arriver à ses fins'' (late 17th century), the impersonal “to happen” and “to succeed in life”, whence ''arriviste'' (1893).^(DHLF 1992)^(Wiktionary)^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989) ''Arrivage'' dates from the 13th century and ''arrivée'' from 1527.^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * Mid-11th century – ''Ariver'' “to land”.^(Grand Robert 2005)

+ * 12th century – “To arrive”.^(DHLF 1992)

+ * 13th century – ''Arrivage''.^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)

+ * 1527 – ''Arrivée''.^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)

+ * 1573 – “To bear away” in sailing.^(DHLF 1992)

+ * Late 17th century – ''Arriver à ses fins''.^(DHLF 1992)

+ * 1893 – ''Arriviste''.^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To [[m|en|arrive]]: ''le train arrive à Lyon à midi'', ''il vient d'arriver''.^(Petit Robert 2007)^(GLLF 1989)

+ # To come, approach: ''le train arrive'', ''j'arrive !'': coming!^(GLLF 1989)^(Larousse)

+ # ''Arriver à'': to reach; to manage to: ''je n'arrive pas à dormir''.^(Wiktionary)^(Petit Robert 2007)

+ # To succeed (in life): ''vouloir arriver''.^(Wiktionary)^(DHLF 1992)

+ # ''(impersonal)'' To [[m|en|happen]]: ''il est arrivé un accident'', ''qu'est-ce qui t'arrive ?''.^(Wiktionary)

+ # ''(nautical)'' To bear away.^(DHLF 1992)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[arrivant]]

+ * [[arrivée]]

+ * [[arrivage]]

+ * [[arriviste]]

+ * [[arrivée]]

+ * [[arrivage]]

+ * [[arrivant]]

+ * [[arriviste]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[rive]]

+ * [[rivage]]

+ * [[dériver]]

+ * [[la|rīpa]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}