chambellan French · revision 16016

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=borrowing|attested=mid-12th century, Vie de saint Alexis|origins=frk *kamarling}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA: /ʃɑ̃.bɛ.lɑ̃/^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA: /ʃɑ̃.be.lɑ̃/^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''chambellan''' ''m'' (plural chambellans)^(Wiktionary)

+ [[fro|cambrelenc]] (mid-12th century), ''chamberlent'' (1150–1170), ''chamberlans'' (late 12th century), ''chambellanc'' (1221), ''chambellen'' (1285), ''chambellan'' (1559, Amyot).^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[bor|frk|*kamarling|t=officer in charge of the chamber]],^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992)^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)^(Grand Robert 2005) reconstructed from [[goh|chamarling]]; the stem is [[la|camera]] (see [[chambre]]), since the Germanic peoples seem not to have divided the house into rooms, with the Germanic suffix “-ling” for persons.^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992)^(Wiktionary) A borrowing made in the language of the Frankish royal court is more probable than an earlier one, before the 5th century, through the speech of slaves.^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992) The ending was later replaced by “-an”.^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)

+

+ Compare [[pro|camarlenc]], [[es|camarlengo]] and [[it|camarlingo]]; [[camerlingue]] is a doublet.^(Littré 1873)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ An interpolated version of the ''Vie de saint Alexis'' (mid-12th century) has ''cambrelenc'', the officer who served the chamber of a prince.^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ Villehardouin, Joinville and Froissart use it for the officers of a lord's or king's chamber, and the ''grand chambellan'' was the highest in rank, a charge restored by Napoleon.^(Littré 1873)^(Petit Robert 2007) Later it was the title of various dignitaries of royal and papal administrations.^(DHLF 1992)^(GLLF 1989) From the stem came ''chambellage'' (Medieval Latin ''chamberlagium'', 1370, ''cambrelage'', 1387), the payment a vassal made to the chamberlain when doing homage, required after Philip III's ordinance of 1272.^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * Mid-12th century – ''Cambrelenc'' in the ''Vie de saint Alexis''.^(TLFi)

+ * 1150–1170 – ''Chamberlent''.^(TLFi)

+ * 1221 – ''Chambellanc''.^(TLFi)

+ * 1272 – Philip III's ordinance on ''chambellage''.^(TLFi)

+ * 1387 – ''Cambrelage''.^(TLFi)

+ * 1559 – ''Chambellan'' in Amyot.^(TLFi)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # ''(history)'' A [[m|en|chamberlain]] (officer of a sovereign's chamber); ''grand chambellan'': Lord Great Chamberlain.^(Petit Robert 2007)^(Larousse)

+ # A title of various court or papal dignitaries.^(GLLF 1989)^(DHLF 1992)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[chambellage]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[chambre]]

+ * [[camerlingue]]

+ * [[la|camera]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}