routine French · revision 16009

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=1559, Amyot}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA: /ʁu.tin/^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''routine''' ''f'' (plural routines)^(Wiktionary)

+ ''Rotine'' (1559, Amyot), ''routine'' (1580, Montaigne).^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992)^(GLLF 1989)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is formed from [[route]] with the suffix [[-ine]],^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992)^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)^(Grand Robert 2005) in the figurative sense of “route” “way of proceeding, line of conduct”;^(DHLF 1992) Littré glosses it as a little road one always takes out of habit.^(Littré 1873) “Route” is [[la-vul|*rupta|t=broken (way)]] (“via rupta”), from [[la|rumpō|alt=rumpere|t=to break]].^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)^(REW 1935)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Amyot's preface to Plutarch (1559) speaks of captains who did great things through the strength of their nature, aided by ''longue rotine d'usage'': know-how acquired by long practice.^(TLFi)^(Littré 1873)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ Montaigne (1580) says he learned languages only ''par routine'', by practice.^(Littré 1873)^(GLLF 1989) Cut off from ''route'' in meaning, it came to mean something done by habit, mechanically (Mme de Sévigné, 1673), whence the pejorative “unvarying way of acting or thinking” (La Quintinie, 1715) and ''la routine'' as blinkered conservatism opposed to innovation (1780).^(DHLF 1992)^(GLLF 1989)

+

+ In the second half of the 20th century American English ''routine'' “procedure”, itself from French, gave the neutral ''de routine'' (''mission de routine'', 1966), and a second borrowing the computing sense (1968).^(DHLF 1992)^(GLLF 1989) ''Routinier'' dates from 1761 (Rousseau).^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989) English ''routine'' was borrowed in the 1670s.^(Etymonline) In Louisiana French it is also a cow path.^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 1559 – ''Rotine'' in Amyot.^(TLFi)

+ * 1580 – ''Routine'' in Montaigne.^(GLLF 1989)

+ * 1617 – ''Routiner''.^(DHLF 1992)

+ * 1670s – English ''routine''.^(Etymonline)

+ * 1673 – A mechanical habit, in Mme de Sévigné.^(GLLF 1989)

+ * 1715 – Pejorative, in La Quintinie.^(GLLF 1989)

+ * 1761 – ''Routinier'' in Rousseau.^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)

+ * 1966 – ''Mission de routine''.^(GLLF 1989)

+ * 1968 – In computing.^(DHLF 1992)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # [[m|en|routine|alt=Routine]], habit: ''la routine quotidienne'', ''sortir de la routine''.^(Larousse)^(Petit Robert 2007)

+ # Rut, blinkered habit: ''croupir dans sa routine''.^(Petit Robert 2007)^(Larousse)

+ # ''De routine'': routine: ''un contrôle de routine''.^(Petit Robert 2007)^(DHLF 1992)

+ # ''(computing)'' A routine, subroutine.^(Petit Robert 2007)^(Larousse)

+ # ''(literary, dated)'' Know-how gained by practice.^(GLLF 1989)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[routinier]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[route]]

+ * [[rompre]]

+ * [[en|routine]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}