vigne French · revision 15975

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=inherited|attested=first half of the 12th century, Oxford Psalter|origins=la vīnum}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA: /viɲ/^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''vigne''' ''f'' (plural vignes)^(Wiktionary)

+ [[fro|vigne]] (about 1120), ''vinne'' (about 1140), ''vingne'', Old French also had ''vit'' “vine”, from Latin ''vitis''.^(DHLF 1992)^(Littré 1873)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[inh|fro|vigne]], [[inh|la|vīnea|t=vineyard; vine]],^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992)^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)^(FEW|14, 471b) the feminine used as a noun of [[m|la|vīneus|t=of wine]], from [[la|vīnum|t=wine]] (see [[vin]]).^(DHLF 1992)^(Wiktionary) In Latin “vinea” was also a military shed protecting soldiers attacking a wall.^(DHLF 1992)

+

+ Cognate with [[it|vigna]], [[pro|vinha]], [[ca|vinya]], [[es|viña]] and [[pt|vinha]].^(Littré 1873)^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)^(REW 1935)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The ''Oxford Psalter'' (first half of the 12th century) has ''vigne'' both for the climbing shrub grown for grapes and wine and for a vineyard.^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ Old French also took over (about 1213) the Latin military sense, in use until the late 16th century (Paré lists ''vignes'' among siege engines).^(DHLF 1992)^(Littré 1873) The importance of wine-growing in French-speaking lands gave many phrases: ''travailler à la vigne du Seigneur'' “to convert souls” (Bible of 1553), ''mettre le pied dans la vigne du Seigneur'' (1690) and ''être dans les vignes'' (1718), later ''dans les vignes du Seigneur'' (1808), “to be drunk”.^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992) ''Raisin de vigne'', ''pêche de vigne'' (1835) and ''feuille de vigne'' (on statues, 1870) followed.^(DHLF 1992)

+

+ Qualified, ''vigne'' named other climbers: ''vigne blanche'' “clematis” (1538) and ''vigne vierge'' “Virginia creeper” (1690).^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992) The derivatives ''vigneron'' (late 12th century), ''vignette'' (Joinville, about 1300, an ornament of vine leaves) and ''vignoble'' belong to it.^(DHLF 1992)^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 1120 – ''Vigne'' in the ''Oxford Psalter''.^(TLFi)

+ * Late 12th century – ''Vigneron''.^(DHLF 1992)

+ * c. 1213 – A siege shed.^(DHLF 1992)

+ * c. 1300 – ''Vignette'' in Joinville.^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)

+ * 1553 – ''La vigne du Seigneur''.^(TLFi)

+ * 1690 – ''Vigne vierge''.^(TLFi)

+ * 1718 – ''Être dans les vignes'' “to be drunk”.^(TLFi)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # The [[m|en|vine]], grapevine: ''pied de vigne'', ''feuille de vigne''.^(Petit Robert 2007)^(Wiktionary)

+ # A [[m|en|vineyard]]: ''travailler à la vigne'', ''pêche de vigne''.^(Wiktionary)^(Littré 1873)

+ # ''Vigne vierge'': Virginia creeper, ''vigne blanche'': white bryony, clematis.^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992)

+ # ''Être dans les vignes (du Seigneur)'': to be drunk.^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[vignette]]

+ * [[vigneron]]

+ * [[vignoble]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[vin]]

+ * [[la|vīnea]]

+

+ ==Usage notes==

+ A second ''vigne'' (Scarron, before 1660), from Italian ''vigna'', names a country house with vineyards and gardens near Rome (''la vigne Borghèse''); it has been replaced by ''villa''.^(Grand Robert 2005)^(GLLF 1989)^(DHLF 1992)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}