prix French · revision 15940

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=inherited|attested=c. 1050, Vie de saint Alexis|origins=la pretium}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA: /pʁi/^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''prix''' ''m'' (invariable)^(Wiktionary)

+ [[fro|pris]], ''prix'' from the 14th–16th centuries.^(DHLF 1992)^(Grand Robert 2005)^(GLLF 1989)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[inh|fro|pris]], [[inh|la|pretium|t=value; price; reward]].^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992)^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)^(FEW|9, 370b) The origin of “pretium” is unclear; rather than with Balto-Slavic words such as Russian “protiv” “against”, Rey and the Petit Robert relate it to [[la|interpres|t=go-between]] (see [[interprète]]), through the idea of exchange.^(DHLF 1992)^(Petit Robert 2007) Littré, after Curtius, compared [[grc|πρίαμαι|tr=príamai|t=to buy]].^(Littré 1873)

+

+ Cognate with [[it|prezzo]], [[pro|pretz]], [[ca|preu]], [[es|precio]], [[pt|preço]] and [[ro|preț]].^(Petit Robert 2007)^(Littré 1873) [[en|price]], [[en|prize]] and [[en|praise]] go back to the Old French word.^(Petit Robert 2007)^(AND)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The ''Vie de saint Alexis'' (about 1050) has ''pris'' for the fare paid for passage on a boat.^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ In 1160–1174 (Wace) it was the commercial value of a thing, and about 1140 the worth one recognises in a person, ''de pris'' “of value” (about 1135) and ''chevaliers de pris'' are frequent in Old French.^(TLFi)^(Littré 1873) Many phrases followed: ''mettre a pris'' (1377), ''mettre à prix'' (1538), ''à juste prix'' (1579), ''prix fixe'' (1690), ''mettre la tête de qqn à prix'' (1671), ''à prix d'or'' (1829), ''prix de revient'' (1838) and ''à tout prix'' (Mme de Staël, 1807).^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992)

+

+ From Chrétien de Troyes (1176–1181) ''prix'' was also the reward of the winner of a contest, then a school prize (1690), the competition itself (1867, in racing) and the prize-winner (''un Prix de Rome'', 1875).^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992) Montaigne's ''au prix de sa vie'' (1588) and Corneille's ''prix'' “punishment” (1643) show the sense of what one pays for something.^(TLFi)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 1050 – ''Pris'' “fare”, in ''Saint Alexis''.^(TLFi)

+ * c. 1140 – A person's worth.^(TLFi)

+ * 1160–1174 – Commercial value, in Wace.^(TLFi)

+ * 1176–1181 – A prize, in Chrétien de Troyes.^(TLFi)

+ * 1538 – ''Mettre à prix''.^(TLFi)

+ * 1588 – ''Au prix de sa vie'' in Montaigne.^(TLFi)

+ * 1690 – School prizes, ''prix fixe''.^(TLFi)

+ * 1807 – ''À tout prix'' in Mme de Staël.^(TLFi)

+ * 1838 – ''Prix de revient'' in Stendhal.^(TLFi)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # A [[m|en|price]], cost: ''prix de détail'', ''à bas prix'', ''hors de prix'', ''prix de revient'': cost price.^(Petit Robert 2007)^(Wiktionary)

+ # Value, worth: ''attacher du prix à qqch.'', ''n'avoir pas de prix''.^(Larousse)^(TLFi)

+ # What one must pay or endure: ''au prix de grands efforts'', ''à tout prix'': at all costs.^(Larousse)^(TLFi)

+ # A [[m|en|prize]], award: ''prix Nobel'', ''distribution des prix''; a prize-winner.^(Wiktionary)^(TLFi)

+ # A race, competition: ''Grand Prix''.^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[priser]]

+ * [[précieux]]

+ * [[apprécier]]

+ * [[mépriser]]

+ * [[la|pretium]]

+ * [[en|price]]

+ * [[en|prize]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}