technique French · revision 15918
17 Oct 2026, 21:12 by bogdan “New French entry (TLFi, FEW, DHLF, Bloch–Wartburg…)” current version
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+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=borrowing|attested=1684–1687, Bayle|origins=grc τέχνη}}
+
+ ==Pronunciation==
+ * IPA: /tɛk.nik/^(Wiktionary)
+
+ ==Forms==
+ '''technique''' (plural techniques)^(Wiktionary)
+
+ ==Etymology==
+ It is borrowed from [[la|technicus|t=master of an art]],^(DHLF 1992)^(Petit Robert 2007)^(FEW|13/1, 149a) from [[grc|τεχνικός|tr=tekhnikós|t=of an art; skilful]], from [[m|grc|τέχνη|tr=tékhnē|t=art, craft, skill]];^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992)^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)^(Wiktionary) the TLFi takes it straight from Greek.^(TLFi) Rey explains that “tékhnē” first expressed the idea of building and belongs to the Indo-European root of [[sa|तक्षति|tr=takṣati|t=he fashions]], [[la|texō|t=to weave]] and [[grc|τέκτων|tr=téktōn|t=carpenter]].^(DHLF 1992)
+
+ The modern sense owes something to [[en|technical]] and “technic”.^(DHLF 1992)
+
+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==
+ Bayle (1684–1687) has ''grammairien technique'', one who teaches the principles of grammar, after Quintilian.^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992)
+
+ ==Semantic evolution==
+ Trévoux (1721) has ''vers techniques'', verses that help memorise rules.^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992) The modern sense, “belonging to a specialised field”, appears in the abbé Prévost's ''Manuel lexique'' (1750) in ''termes techniques'', after English;^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992)^(Grand Robert 2005) in the arts it is what concerns method rather than inspiration (1788), and ''le technique'' (1744) the technical side of an art.^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992) ''Enseignement technique'' dates from 1883.^(TLFi)
+
+ The feminine noun ''la technique'' (1842) is the set of methods of an art or craft (Baudelaire, 1846), and by extension any way of going about something (1908).^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992) In the 20th century the adjective was applied to industry and production, and the noun has partly competed with the anglicism ''technologie'' since the 1960s.^(DHLF 1992) The derivatives ''technicien'' (1836) and ''techniquement'' (1790) followed.^(DHLF 1992)^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)
+
+ ==Timeline==
+ * 1684–1687 – ''Grammairien technique'' in Bayle.^(TLFi)
+ * 1721 – ''Vers techniques'' in Trévoux.^(TLFi)
+ * 1744 – ''Le technique''.^(TLFi)
+ * 1750 – ''Termes techniques'' in Prévost.^(TLFi)
+ * 1842 – The noun ''la technique''.^(TLFi)
+ * 1883 – ''Enseignement technique''.^(TLFi)
+ * 1905 – ''La technique du ski''.^(BHVF)
+
+ ==Meanings==
+ ===Adjective===
+ # [[m|en|technical|alt=Technical]], belonging to a specialised field: ''termes techniques''.^(Petit Robert 2007)^(GLLF 1989)
+ # Concerning method or skill rather than inspiration: ''difficultés techniques''.^(Petit Robert 2007)^(Larousse)
+ # Concerning the practical applications of science: ''progrès techniques'', ''enseignement technique''.^(Petit Robert 2007)^(GLLF 1989)
+ # Concerning machinery: ''incident technique''.^(Larousse)^(GLLF 1989)
+
+ ===Noun===
+ # ''(feminine)'' A [[m|en|technique]], method: ''la technique de l'aquarelle''.^(Larousse)^(TLFi)
+ # ''(feminine)'' Skill, know-how: ''une bonne technique''.^(Larousse)
+ # ''(feminine)'' Technology, applied science.^(Larousse)^(Wiktionary)
+
+ ==Word family==
+ * [[technicien]]
+ * [[technicité]]
+ * [[techniquement]]
+ * [[technicien]]
+ * [[technicité]]
+ * [[technologie]]
+
+ ==Related words==
+ * [[grc|τέχνη|tr=tékhnē]]
+ * [[en|technique]]
+ * [[en|technical]]
+
+ ==References==
+ {{reflist}}