capillaire French · revision 15879

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=borrowing|attested=1314, Henri de Mondeville|origins=la capillus}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA: /ka.pi.lɛʁ/^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''capillaire''' (plural capillaires)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[bor|la|capillāris|t=of the hair]],^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992)^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)^(FEW|2, 250a) an imperial Latin derivative of [[m|la|capillus|t=hair]],^(TLFi) the source of the inherited [[cheveu]].^(Wiktionary) In Late Latin it was used in botany (“capillaris herba”).^(DHLF 1992) The fern name (1579) is a second borrowing of the Latin word.^(DHLF 1992)^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The surgeon Henri de Mondeville uses it in 1314 for veins “fine as a hair”.^(TLFi)^(Littré 1873)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It was first a term of anatomy for what is as fine as a hair, ''vaisseaux capillaires'' “capillary vessels” is recorded in 1732, and the noun ''les capillaires'' for these vessels followed.^(DHLF 1992) The sense passed into physics and chemistry (''tube capillaire'').^(DHLF 1992)^(Littré 1873) Ambroise Paré used ''capillaires'' for ferns with fine hair-like stalks in the 16th century.^(Littré 1873)^(GLLF 1989)

+

+ The general Latin sense “of the hair” was taken up again in the 19th century (1838, Eugène Sue in 1842–1843),^(BHVF)^(TLFi) and is now common in the hairdressing trade (''lotion capillaire'', ''artiste capillaire'' “hairdresser”).^(DHLF 1992)^(Larousse) The derivative ''capillarité'' dates from 1820.^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)^(DHLF 1992)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 1314 – Mondeville's “fine as a hair”.^(TLFi)

+ * 1579 – Paré names ferns ''capillaires''.^(DHLF 1992)

+ * 1732 – ''Vaisseaux capillaires''.^(DHLF 1992)

+ * 1820 – ''Capillarité''.^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)

+ * 1838 – “Of the hair”: ''bulbes capillaires''.^(BHVF)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Adjective===

+ # ''(anatomy)'' Of the finest blood vessels: ''vaisseaux capillaires''.^(Petit Robert 2007)^(Le Robert)

+ # Very fine, like a hair: ''tube capillaire'', ''(physics)'' of [[m|en|capillarity]].^(Larousse)^(Petit Robert 2007)

+ # Of the [[m|en|hair]] of the head: ''lotion capillaire''.^(Larousse)^(Petit Robert 2007)

+

+ ===Noun===

+ # A [[m|en|capillary]] vessel.^(Larousse)^(Wiktionary)

+ # A fern with fine leaf stalks, such as [[m|en|maidenhair fern|alt=maidenhair]].^(Petit Robert 2007)^(GLLF 1989)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[capillarité]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[cheveu]]

+ * [[la|capillus]]

+ * [[en|capillary]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}