effet French · revision 15863

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=borrowing|attested=1272, aifait|origins=la faciō}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA: /ɛ.fɛ/^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA: /e.fɛ/^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''effet''' ''m'' (plural effets)^(Wiktionary)

+ ''Aifait'' (1272), ''effect'' (13th century, a Latinising spelling kept by the Académie until 1718), ''effet'' (about 1430).^(DHLF 1992)^(TLFi)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[bor|la|effectus|t=performance, accomplishment; force; result, effect]],^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992)^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)^(FEW|3, 205b) from [[m|la|effectum]], the supine of [[m|la|efficiō|t=to bring about]], from [[m|la|ex-]] and [[m|la|faciō|t=to make, do]].^(DHLF 1992)^(Grand Robert 2005)

+

+ Cognate with [[oc|effeit]], [[ca|efecte]], [[es|efecto]], [[pt|efeito]] and [[it|effetto]].^(Littré 1873)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ A charter of 1272 has ''il leur fasse restor et aifait'' “that he make them amends and give effect”;^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992) in the 13th century it meant an event produced by a cause (''li effect des coses presentes'').^(TLFi)^(Littré 1873)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ In 1310 ''effaicts de maisons'' were household goods, the source of ''effets'' “belongings, clothes”;^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992) as a financial term ''effet de change'' is 14th-century and ''effet de commerce'' “bill of exchange” is recorded in 1671.^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)^(TLFi) The sense “realisation, execution” gave classical phrases such as ''homme d'effet'' “man of action” and modern ''prendre effet'' and ''à cet effet''.^(DHLF 1992)^(GLLF 1989) ''En effet'' meant “really” in 1536 (Collerye), and is found in Commynes about 1490;^(TLFi)^(BHVF) from 1690 it serves to confirm what has been said.^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992)

+

+ From the sense “impression produced” came ''faire de l'effet'' and, in the arts, the effect aimed at (Corneille, 1660, Poussin, 1645), ''effets de lumière'' (1821) and the cinema's ''effets spéciaux'' (1912).^(DHLF 1992)^(BHVF)^(TLFi) In the plural it meant affected mannerisms (''effets de voix'', 1834).^(DHLF 1992) In billiards and ball games ''effet'' is spin (19th century),^(DHLF 1992)^(Wiktionary) and in physics it names a phenomenon (''effet de serre'').^(DHLF 1992)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 1272 – ''Aifait'' in a charter.^(TLFi)

+ * 1310 – ''Effaicts de maisons'' “household goods”.^(TLFi)

+ * c. 1430 – The spelling ''effet''.^(DHLF 1992)

+ * 1536 – ''En effet'' “really”.^(TLFi)

+ * 1660 – A theatrical effect, in Corneille.^(TLFi)

+ * 1671 – A financial bill, in Pomey.^(TLFi)

+ * 1821 – ''Effets de lumière''.^(TLFi)

+ * 1912 – ''Effets spéciaux''.^(DHLF 1992)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # An [[m|en|effect]], result or consequence: ''rapport de cause à effet'', ''effet secondaire'', ''sous l'effet de''.^(Petit Robert 2007)^(Le Robert)

+ # An impression produced: ''faire de l'effet'', ''faire bon effet'', ''faire l'effet de'': to seem like.^(DHLF 1992)^(Larousse)

+ # A device for producing an impression: ''effets de lumière'', ''effets spéciaux''.^(DHLF 1992)^(TLFi)

+ # A physical phenomenon: ''effet de serre'', ''effet Doppler''.^(Le Robert)^(Wiktionary)

+ # ''(ball games)'' [[m|en|spin|alt=Spin]].^(Wiktionary)^(DHLF 1992)

+ # ''(in the plural)'' Belongings, clothes: ''effets personnels''.^(DHLF 1992)^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)

+ # ''(finance)'' A bill: ''effet de commerce''.^(TLFi)^(Wiktionary)

+ # ''En effet'': indeed, in fact, ''à cet effet'': for that purpose.^(DHLF 1992)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[effectif]]

+ * [[effectuer]]

+ * [[effectivement]]

+ * [[efficace]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[faire]]

+ * [[la|effectus]]

+ * [[en|effect]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}