étrange French · revision 15830

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=inherited|attested=c. 1050, Vie de saint Alexis|origins=la extrā}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA: /e.tʁɑ̃ʒ/^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''étrange''' (plural étranges)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[inh|fro|estrange]], [[inh|la|extrāneus|t=external; foreign]],^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992)^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)^(FEW|3, 332a) a derivative of [[m|la|extrā|t=outside]].^(DHLF 1992)^(Grand Robert 2005) Bloch and Wartburg compare the sound development of [[lange]] and [[linge]].^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)

+

+ Cognate with [[pro|estranh]], [[es|extraño]], [[pt|estranho]] and [[it|strano]].^(Littré 1873)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The ''Vie de saint Alexis'' (about 1050) has ''estrange'' “foreign”;^(TLFi) the ''Chanson de Roland'' speaks of ''celle gent estrange'', that foreign people.^(Littré 1873)^(GLLF 1989)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ The sense “foreign” lasted into the classical period and even the 19th century (La Fontaine's ''nations étranges''), and survives in some dialects;^(DHLF 1992)^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)^(Grand Robert 2005) by the late 17th century it was largely replaced by the derivative [[étranger]] (1369).^(DHLF 1992) From about 1165 (Benoît de Sainte-Maure) it meant “out of the ordinary”, in classical French often “terrible, dreadful” (Corneille's ''l'étrange peine'').^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992)^(Petit Robert 2007) The modern sense “odd, peculiar”, by weakening, is in Molière's ''L'Avare'' (1668).^(TLFi)^(Petit Robert 2007)

+

+ ''L'étrange'' as a noun (19th century) also names a literary genre.^(DHLF 1992) In particle physics ''étrange'' (1968) translates English ''strange'', and ''étrangeté'' ''strangeness''.^(DHLF 1992)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 1050 – ''Estrange'' “foreign” in ''Saint Alexis''.^(TLFi)

+ * c. 1165 – “Extraordinary”, in Benoît de Sainte-Maure.^(TLFi)

+ * 1369 – The derivative ''étranger''.^(DHLF 1992)

+ * Late 14th century – ''Étrangeté''.^(DHLF 1992)

+ * 1668 – “Odd” in Molière.^(TLFi)

+ * 1968 – ''Particule étrange''.^(DHLF 1992)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Adjective===

+ # [[m|en|strange|alt=Strange]], odd, peculiar: ''un bruit étrange'', ''c'est étrange''.^(Petit Robert 2007)^(Larousse)

+ # ''(physics)'' Of a particle, having non-zero [[m|en|strangeness]].^(Larousse)^(DHLF 1992)

+ # ''(obsolete)'' Foreign.^(Grand Robert 2005)^(Wiktionary)

+ # ''(classical)'' Dreadful, extreme.^(Petit Robert 2007)^(GLLF 1989)

+

+ ===Noun===

+ # ''L'étrange'': the strange, the uncanny.^(Larousse)^(DHLF 1992)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[étranger]]

+ * [[étrangeté]]

+ * [[étrangement]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[extra]]

+ * [[la|extrāneus]]

+ * [[en|strange]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}