concret French · revision 15820

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=borrowing|attested=1508–1517, Fossetier|origins=la crēscō}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA: /kɔ̃.kʁɛ/^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''concret''' (feminine concrète, masculine plural concrets, feminine plural concrètes)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[bor|la|concrētus|t=grown together, solidified; thick, solid]],^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992)^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)^(FEW|2, 1014a) the past participle of [[m|la|concrēscō|t=to grow together; to solidify]], from [[m|la|com-]] and [[m|la|crēscō|t=to grow]], the source of [[croître]].^(DHLF 1992)^(Littré 1873)

+

+ Cognate with [[pro|concret]], [[es|concreto]] and [[it|concreto]].^(Littré 1873)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Fossetier's ''Chronique margaritique'' (1508–1517) has it in the Latin sense “of thick consistency, solid”;^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992) Paré writes ''La liqueur demeure concrette et glacée''.^(Littré 1873)^(Grand Robert 2005)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ This sense survives only as a noun in perfumery, ''un concret de jasmin''.^(DHLF 1992)^(Petit Robert 2007) The modern sense “real, tangible”, opposed to ''abstrait'', appears in the 17th century in philosophy and is recorded by Trévoux in 1704;^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992) grammar and logic speak of ''termes concrets'' and ''noms concrets''.^(Littré 1873)^(GLLF 1989) At the end of the 19th century it took the senses “precise, practical” (''des avantages concrets'') and, of a person, “down-to-earth”.^(GLLF 1989)^(Petit Robert 2007)

+

+ ''Musique concrète'' (1949) is music made from recorded sounds.^(DHLF 1992) The verb ''concrétiser'' (1890) “to make effective” and the adverb ''concrètement'' (1927) are recent.^(DHLF 1992)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 1508–1517 – “Solid” in Fossetier.^(TLFi)

+ * 1537 – ''Concrétion''.^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)

+ * 1704 – “Real, tangible”, in Trévoux.^(TLFi)

+ * 1890 – ''Concrétiser''.^(DHLF 1992)

+ * 1927 – ''Concrètement''.^(DHLF 1992)

+ * 1949 – ''Musique concrète''.^(DHLF 1992)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Adjective===

+ # [[m|en|concrete|alt=Concrete]], real, perceptible by the senses, opposed to abstract: ''nom concret''.^(Petit Robert 2007)^(Le Robert)

+ # Precise, practical, tangible: ''un exemple concret'', ''des avantages concrets''.^(Petit Robert 2007)^(GLLF 1989)

+ # Of a person, down-to-earth, practical-minded.^(Petit Robert 2007)^(GLLF 1989)

+ # ''Musique concrète'': music built from recorded sounds.^(DHLF 1992)^(Petit Robert 2007)

+ # ''(dated)'' Solid, thick: ''huile concrète''.^(Petit Robert 2007)^(Grand Robert 2005)

+

+ ===Noun===

+ # ''Le concret'': what is concrete: ''aller du concret à l'abstrait''.^(Larousse)

+ # ''(perfumery)'' A solid extract of plant scents.^(Grand Robert 2005)^(DHLF 1992)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[concréter]]

+ * [[concrétiser]]

+ * [[concrètement]]

+ * [[concrétisation]]

+ * [[concrétion]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[croître]]

+ * [[abstrait]]

+ * [[la|concrēscō]]

+ * [[en|concrete]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}