juvénile French · revision 15796

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=borrowing|attested=c. 1112, Voyage de saint Brendan, juvenil|origins=la iuvenis}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA: /ʒy.ve.nil/^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''juvénile''' (plural juvéniles)^(Wiktionary)

+ ''Juvenil'' (about 1112), ''juvénile'' (about 1460, Chastellain).^(Grand Robert 2005)^(GLLF 1989)^(DHLF 1992)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[bor|la|iuvenīlis|t=youthful; lively; violent]],^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992)^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)^(Wiktionary)^(FEW|5, 94b) formed on the model of [[m|la|puerīlis|t=childish]] from [[m|la|iuvenis|t=young]], the source of [[jeune]].^(DHLF 1992)^(Grand Robert 2005)^(Littré 1873)

+

+ Cognate with [[oc|jovenil]], [[es|juvenil]] and [[it|giovanile]].^(Littré 1873)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Benedeit's ''Voyage de saint Brendan'' (early 12th century) speaks of ''oilz juvenilz'', youthful eyes.^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ Set apart from the everyday ''jeune'', ''juvénile'' is a word of careful style for what belongs to youth, ''ardeur juvénile'' (Montaigne already has ''juvenile ardeur''), and for what concerns young people, as in ''délinquance juvénile''.^(DHLF 1992)^(Littré 1873)^(Petit Robert 2007) In medicine and psychology it names what appears during youth, as ''acné juvénile''.^(TLFi)^(Petit Robert 2007)

+

+ In the 20th century it took technical senses: in geology ''eaux juvéniles'' (1931), water of magmatic origin, in zoology ''hormone juvénile'', and, from English, a ''juvénile'' is a young animal (about 1978).^(DHLF 1992)^(Petit Robert 2007) ''Juvénilité'' (1495) and ''juvénilement'' (1544) are literary.^(DHLF 1992)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 1112 – ''Oilz juvenilz'' (''Voyage de saint Brendan'').^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992)

+ * c. 1460 – The form ''juvénile'' (Chastellain).^(Grand Robert 2005)^(GLLF 1989)

+ * 1495 – ''Juvénilité''.^(DHLF 1992)

+ * 1878 – First recorded by the Académie.^(TLFi)

+ * 1931 – ''Eaux juvéniles''.^(DHLF 1992)^(GLLF 1989)

+ * c. 1978 – A noun, a young animal, from English.^(DHLF 1992)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Adjective===

+ # [[m|en|youthful|alt=Youthful]], belonging to youth: ''ardeur juvénile'', ''grâce juvénile''.^(Petit Robert 2007)^(Larousse)

+ # Of young people; [[m|en|juvenile]]: ''délinquance juvénile'', ''acné juvénile''.^(Petit Robert 2007)^(TLFi)

+ # ''(geology)'' Of [[m|en|magmatic]] origin: ''eau juvénile''.^(Petit Robert 2007)^(Larousse)

+

+ ===Noun===

+ # ''(zoology)'' A young animal.^(DHLF 1992)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[jeune]]

+ * [[jouvence]]

+ * [[puéril]]

+ * [[la|iuvenis]]

+ * [[en|juvenile]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}