moulin French · revision 15777

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=inherited|attested=c. 1140, Pèlerinage de Charlemagne, molin|origins=la mola}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA: /mu.lɛ̃/^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''moulin''' ''m'' (plural moulins)^(Wiktionary)

+ Old French ''molin'' (early 12th century), ''moulin'' (late 12th century).^(Grand Robert 2005)^(GLLF 1989)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[inh|fro|molin]], [[inh|la-lat|molīnum|t=mill]] (6th century),^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992)^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)^(Grand Robert 2005)^(Wiktionary)^(FEW|6/3, 37b) derived from [[m|la|mola|t=millstone]], the source of [[meule]],^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)^(Grand Robert 2005)^(GLLF 1989)^(Petit Robert 2007)^(Larousse) or, as Rey and Wiktionary have it, from the verb [[m|la|molō|t=to grind]], the source of [[moudre]].^(DHLF 1992)^(Wiktionary) Bloch and Wartburg note that it was coined when the water mill spread.^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)

+

+ Cognate with [[it|mulino]], [[oc|molin]], [[ca|molí]], [[es|molino]] and [[pt|moinho]].^(Littré 1873)^(REW 1935)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The ''Pèlerinage de Charlemagne'' (about 1140) has ''molin'' for a machine for grinding grain and the building that houses it.^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992)^(GLLF 1989)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ Old French already distinguished the windmill (''molin a vent'', about 1195) from the water mill (''molin d'awe'', 1285).^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992) By likeness of function the word named other machines: the paper mill (1381–1382), presses for oil-seeds (1641), silk-throwing machines (1678), the coffee mill (1690) and the vegetable mill (1936); in Quebec a ''moulin à scie'' is a sawmill.^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992) In slang the ''moulin'' was a machine gun (1869) and is the engine of a car (1909).^(TLFi)^(Larousse)

+

+ Phrases include ''on ne peut être à la fois au four et au moulin'' (1611), ''se battre contre des moulins à vent'', after Don Quixote (1787), ''entrer comme dans un moulin'' (1840) and ''apporter de l'eau au moulin'' (1891).^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992) Mme de Sévigné called the tongue a ''moulin'' (1672), and a chatterbox is a ''moulin à paroles'' (1778).^(TLFi) Old windmills gave their names to the Moulin de la Galette and the Moulin Rouge in Paris.^(DHLF 1992)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 1140 – ''Molin'' (''Pèlerinage de Charlemagne'').^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992)

+ * c. 1195 – ''Molin a vent''.^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992)

+ * 1285 – ''Moulin d'awe'', a water mill.^(TLFi)

+ * 1381–1382 – ''Molin a papier''.^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992)

+ * 1611 – ''Être ensemble au four et au moulin'' (Cotgrave).^(TLFi)

+ * 1690 – ''Moulin à café'' (Furetière).^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992)

+ * 1778 – ''Moulin à paroles'' (Beaumarchais).^(TLFi)

+ * 1909 – The engine of a car.^(TLFi)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # A [[m|en|mill]] for grinding grain; the building that houses it: ''moulin à vent'', [[m|en|windmill]]^(Petit Robert 2007)^(Larousse); ''moulin à eau''.^(Petit Robert 2007)^(Larousse)

+ # A small mill: ''moulin à café'', ''moulin à poivre''.^(TLFi)^(Wiktionary)

+ # ''(familiar)'' An engine.^(Larousse)^(TLFi)

+ # ''Moulin à paroles'': a [[m|en|chatterbox]].^(TLFi)^(Wiktionary)

+ # ''(geology)'' A [[m|en|moulin]], a shaft in a glacier.^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[moulinette]]

+ * [[moulinet]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[meule]]

+ * [[meunier]]

+ * [[moudre]]

+ * [[la|molīnum]]

+ * [[en|mill]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}