planète French · revision 15775

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=borrowing|attested=1119, Philippe de Thaon, Comput|origins=grc πλανάω}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA: /pla.nɛt/^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''planète''' ''f'' (plural planètes)^(Wiktionary)

+ ''Planete'' (1119), ''planestre'' (Béroul), ''planet'' (14th century), ''planette'' (1539); written ''planete'' by the Académie in 1694 and 1718, ''planète'' from 1740^(TLFi). Masculine or feminine in Old French.^(TLFi)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[bor|la-lat|planēta|t=wandering star]] (2nd century), a remaking of the plural “planētēs”,^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992)^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)^(Grand Robert 2005)^(FEW|9, 14b) from [[grc|πλανήτης|tr=planḗtēs|t=wanderer]], used in “planêtes astéres” “wandering stars”, as opposed to the fixed stars,^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992)^(Wiktionary) from [[m|grc|πλανάω|tr=planáō|t=to lead astray; passive, to wander]].^(TLFi)^(Académie 9)^(Wiktionary) The origin of the Greek verb is obscure.^(DHLF 1992)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ In Philippe de Thaon's ''Comput'' (1119) the planets are royal stars ''que en Latin numum Planetes'': wandering stars, including the Sun and the Moon.^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ Ancient astronomy counted seven planets, the Sun, the Moon, Mercury, Venus, Mars, Jupiter and Saturn^(TLFi)^(Littré 1873)^(Petit Robert 2007); Béroul's ''Tristan'' already has ''les set planestres''.^(TLFi)^(Littré 1873)^(Petit Robert 2007) In the 14th century the planet was the star thought to rule a person's destiny, hence ''être né sous une bonne planète'' (Furetière, 1690).^(TLFi)^(Petit Robert 2007)

+

+ With the new astronomy the word took its modern sense, a body circling the Sun: Fontenelle (1686) writes that the Sun has ceased to be a planet and the Earth has become one.^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992) ''Planétaire'' dates from 1553.^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989) In modern use ''la planète'' is also the Earth as a whole, ''à l'échelle de la planète''.^(GLLF 1989)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 1119 – A wandering star (Philippe de Thaon).^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992)

+ * late 12th century – ''Les set planestres'' (Béroul).^(TLFi)

+ * mid-14th century – A star ruling destiny.^(TLFi)

+ * 1553 – ''Planétaire''.^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)

+ * 1686 – A body circling the Sun (Fontenelle).^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992)

+ * 1690 – ''Né sous une bonne planète'' (Furetière).^(TLFi)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # A [[m|en|planet]], a body revolving around the Sun or another star.^(Petit Robert 2007)^(Wiktionary)

+ # ''La planète'': the Earth, the world as a whole.^(GLLF 1989)^(Petit Robert 2007)

+ # ''(astrology)'' A planet seen as ruling destiny: ''être né sous une bonne planète''.^(Petit Robert 2007)^(Littré 1873)

+ # ''(historical)'' A wandering star, as opposed to the fixed stars.^(Petit Robert 2007)^(TLFi)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[planétaire]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[grc|πλανήτης|tr=planḗtēs]]

+ * [[en|planet]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}