oreille French · revision 15760

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=inherited|attested=late 10th century, Passion of Clermont, aurelia|origins=la auris}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA: /ɔ.ʁɛj/^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''oreille''' ''f'' (plural oreilles)^(Wiktionary)

+ ''Aurelia'' (late 10th century), ''oreille'' (''Chanson de Roland''), ''aureille'', ''orille''.^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992)^(Littré 1873)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[inh|fro|oreille]], [[inh|la-vul|oricla]], [[inh|la|auricula|t=ear; hearing]],^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992)^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)^(Grand Robert 2005)^(Wiktionary)^(FEW|25, 989a) a diminutive of [[m|la|auris|t=ear]], which hardly survives in the Romance languages.^(DHLF 1992)^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)^(Petit Robert 2007) “Auris” is of Indo-European origin, related to [[grc|οὖς|tr=oûs]], [[got|𐌰𐌿𐍃𐍉|tr=auso]] and [[de|Ohr]].^(DHLF 1992)^(Petit Robert 2007)^(Littré 1873)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ Cognate with [[ro|ureche]], [[it|orecchio]], [[oc|aurelha]], [[ca|orella]], [[es|oreja]] and [[pt|orelha]].^(Wiktionary)^(Petit Robert 2007)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The Passion of Clermont (late 10th century) has ''aurelia'', the visible outer part of the organ of hearing;^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992) in the ''Chanson de Roland'' a knight cuts off an animal's right ear.^(TLFi)^(Littré 1873)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ By about 1145 ''oreille'' is the organ of hearing as a whole; anatomy distinguished ''oreille interne'' and ''externe'' (1690) and ''oreille moyenne'' (1814).^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992) After Latin ''auris'' it means attention given to a speaker, as in ''faire la sourde oreille'' (Wace, about 1155), a musical ear, ''avoir de l'oreille'' (1690), and trust, ''avoir l'oreille du prince'' (1559).^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992)

+

+ By likeness of shape it names the handle of a vessel (1247–1322), the tab of a shoe, the wing of an armchair, ''fauteuil à oreilles'' (1830), and the mouldboard of a plough.^(TLFi)^(BHVF)^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989) Many phrases use it: ''tirer les oreilles'', ''dormir sur ses deux oreilles'', ''les murs ont des oreilles''.^(GLLF 1989)^(Petit Robert 2007) Derivatives include [[oreiller]] (12th century) and [[oreillons]] “mumps” (1640).^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * late 10th century – ''Aurelia'' (Passion of Clermont).^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992)

+ * c. 1100 – ''Oreille'', of an animal (''Roland'').^(TLFi)

+ * c. 1145 – The organ of hearing (Wace).^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992)

+ * c. 1155 – Attention^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992); ''faire la sourde oreille''.^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992)

+ * 1559 – ''L'oreille des grands princes'', trust (Du Bellay).^(TLFi)

+ * 1690 – ''Avoir de l'oreille''^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992); ''oreille interne'' (Furetière).^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992)

+ * 1814 – ''Oreille moyenne''.^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # An [[m|en|ear]], the organ of hearing; its outer part.^(Petit Robert 2007)^(Wiktionary)

+ # Hearing; a musical ear: ''avoir l'oreille fine'', ''avoir de l'oreille''.^(Larousse)^(TLFi)

+ # Attention; trust: ''prêter l'oreille'', ''avoir l'oreille de quelqu'un''.^(TLFi)^(Petit Robert 2007)

+ # An ear-shaped part: the handle of a vessel; the wing of an armchair.^(Larousse)^(TLFi)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[oreillard]]

+ * [[oreiller]]

+ * [[oreillette]]

+ * [[oreillon]]

+ * [[essoriller]]

+ * [[perce-oreille]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[ouïr]]

+ * [[auriculaire]]

+ * [[la|auris]]

+ * [[en|ear]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}