altruisme French · revision 15717
17 Oct 2026, 18:22 by bogdan “New French entry (TLFi, FEW, DHLF, Bloch–Wartburg…)” current version
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+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation, coinage|attested=1852, Auguste Comte, Catéchisme positiviste|origins=la alter}}
+
+ ==Pronunciation==
+ * IPA: /al.tʁɥism/^(Wiktionary)
+ * IPA: /al.tʁɥizm/^(Wiktionary)
+
+ ==Forms==
+ '''altruisme''' ''m'' (plural altruismes)^(Wiktionary)
+
+ ==Etymology==
+ It was coined, as a counterpart to [[égoïsme]], from the stem of [[autrui|t=others]] remodelled after its etymon [[la|alter|t=other]], with the suffix [[-isme]].^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992)^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)^(Grand Robert 2005)^(FEW|24, 355a) It seems to have been made by Auguste Comte about 1830, or by one of his teachers at the École polytechnique, François Andrieux.^(DHLF 1992)^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)^(Grand Robert 2005)^(TLFi)
+
+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==
+ In Comte's ''Catéchisme positiviste'' (1852) it is the set of benevolent inclinations of the individual, whose prevailing over egoism is “the great human problem”.^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992)
+
+ ==Semantic evolution==
+ For Comte ''altruisme'' was an innate disposition to goodwill towards others that coexists with egoism.^(DHLF 1992)^(TLFi) Its sense widened in ethics to any conduct that puts others' interests before one's own without a religious motive, and in philosophy to a doctrine making devotion to others the rule of morality.^(DHLF 1992)^(Petit Robert 2007) The adjective ''altruiste'' is also in Comte (1852).^(DHLF 1992) The word passed into English as ''altruism''.^(Wiktionary)
+
+ ==Timeline==
+ * c. 1830 – Coined by Comte or Andrieux.^(DHLF 1992)^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)
+ * 1852 – ''Altruisme'' and ''altruiste'' in the ''Catéchisme positiviste''.^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992)
+ * 1893 – Durkheim: “wherever there are societies, there is altruism”.^(TLFi)
+
+ ==Meanings==
+ ===Noun===
+ # [[m|en|altruism|alt=Altruism]], unselfish concern for the good of others.^(Petit Robert 2007)^(Larousse)
+ # ''(philosophy)'' The doctrine that devotion to others is the rule of [[m|en|morality]].^(Petit Robert 2007)
+
+ ==Word family==
+ * [[altruiste]]
+
+ ==Related words==
+ * [[autrui]]
+ * [[autre]]
+ * [[égoïsme]]
+ * [[en|altruism]]
+
+ ==References==
+ {{reflist}}