chapelle French · revision 15692

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=inherited|attested=c. 1100, Chanson de Roland (chapele)|origins=la-lat cappa}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA: /ʃa.pɛl/^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''chapelle''' ''f'' (plural chapelles)^(Wiktionary)

+ Old French ''chapele'', Picard ''capele''.^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992)^(GLLF 1989)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[inh|fro|chapele]], [[inh|la-lat|cappella|t=little cloak]],^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992)^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)^(Grand Robert 2005)^(Wiktionary)^(FEW|2, 285a) a diminutive of [[m|la-lat|cappa|t=hooded cloak]], whence [[chape]] and [[cape]].^(DHLF 1992)^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)^(Petit Robert 2007) Medieval Latin ''cappella'' named first (679) the cloak of Saint Martin of Tours, a relic venerated by the Frankish kings, then the treasury of royal relics and the oratory of the palace where it was kept (788).^(DHLF 1992)^(Grand Robert 2005)^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989) From there it spread to any private oratory or chapel without parish rights (801–810), as well as to the royal chancery and the palace clergy.^(DHLF 1992)

+

+ The Latin word passed to [[it|cappella]], [[es|capilla]] and [[de|Kapelle]].^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)^(REW 1935)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The ''Chanson de Roland'' (about 1100) uses ''chapele'' for the chapel of Charlemagne's palace at Aachen.^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ In Old French it is also a place of worship in a private house, a church without full parish rights (early 12th century), and a side chapel with a secondary altar in a church (1405).^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992) By metonymy it meant the plate and vessels for saying mass (1328) and a benefice (Villon, about 1461).^(DHLF 1992)^(TLFi) The ''chapelle ardente'', a room where a body lies in state among candles, is from before 1558.^(TLFi)

+

+ Figuratively, a ''chapelle'' is a closed coterie (Gautier, 1870), and the printers' ''chapelle'' was an association of workers sharing extra profits (1803).^(TLFi)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 679 – Medieval Latin ''cappella'', Saint Martin's cloak.^(DHLF 1992)^(Grand Robert 2005)

+ * c. 1100 – ''Chapele'' (''Roland'').^(TLFi)^(Grand Robert 2005)

+ * early 12th century – A private chapel.^(TLFi)

+ * 1405 – A side chapel in a church.^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992)

+ * before 1558 – ''Chapelle ardente''.^(TLFi)

+ * 1870 – A literary coterie.^(TLFi)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # A [[m|en|chapel]], a small church or place of worship.^(Petit Robert 2007)^(Wiktionary)

+ # A side chapel in a church, with its own altar.^(Petit Robert 2007)^(TLFi)

+ # ''Chapelle ardente'': a room where a body lies in state.^(Petit Robert 2007)^(TLFi)

+ # ''(figurative)'' A clique or [[m|en|coterie]].^(Petit Robert 2007)^(TLFi)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[chapelain]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[chape]]

+ * [[cape]]

+ * [[en|chapel]]

+

+ ==Usage notes==

+ A rare second ''chapelle'' (1643), a covering for the head, comes from [[chapel]], the old form of [[chapeau]].^(Grand Robert 2005)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}