maison French · revision 15689

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=inherited|attested=late 10th century, Passion de Clermont|origins=la maneō}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA: /mɛ.zɔ̃/^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA: /me.zɔ̃/^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''maison''' ''f'' (plural maisons)^(Wiktionary)

+ Old French ''maisun'', ''meson''.^(Wiktionary)^(Littré 1873)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[inh|fro|maisun]], [[inh|la|mānsiō|t=stay; lodging, stopping place]] (accusative “mānsiōnem”),^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992)^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)^(Grand Robert 2005)^(Wiktionary)^(FEW|6/1, 234b) from [[m|la|maneō|t=to remain, stay]], whence also [[manoir]].^(DHLF 1992)^(Grand Robert 2005)^(Wiktionary) In imperial Latin “mansio” was a halt or posting stage, and later the house where one stops.^(DHLF 1992)^(GLLF 1989)

+

+ The word took the sense “house” only in Gallo-Romance, mainly in the north,^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989) where it replaced [[la|casa|t=hut]], still the word for “house” in [[it|casa]] and [[es|casa]] and surviving in French [[chez]] and in place names such as La Chaise-Dieu.^(DHLF 1992)^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)^(Grand Robert 2005) Classical [[m|la|domus]] disappeared, except in [[dôme]].^(DHLF 1992)^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The ''Passion de Clermont'' (late 10th century) uses it for a building used as a dwelling.^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ Old French said ''en sa maison'' (about 1130) and ''a maison'' (about 1150) for “at home” and “home(wards)”, where modern French says ''à la maison''.^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992) The ''maisun Dieu'' was a temple or tabernacle (first half of the 12th century).^(TLFi)

+

+ From the dwelling the word spread to the household and its servants (''gens de maison''), the family or dynasty (''la maison de Bourbon''), a business (''une maison de commerce''), and institutions such as the ''maison d'arrêt'' (1790).^(GLLF 1989)^(Petit Robert 2007)^(Wiktionary) In astrology a ''maison'' is one of the twelve divisions of the sky (Jean de Meun, 1269–1278).^(TLFi) As an invariable adjective ''maison'' means “homemade” or “in-house”, and familiarly “first-rate”.^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * late 10th century – A dwelling (''Passion'').^(TLFi)^(Grand Robert 2005)

+ * c. 1130 – ''En sa maisoun'' “at home”.^(TLFi)

+ * 1269–1278 – An astrological house.^(TLFi)

+ * c. 1465 – ''Maison de plaisance''.^(TLFi)

+ * 1655 – ''Maison de campagne''.^(TLFi)

+ * 1790 – ''Maison d'arrêt''.^(GLLF 1989)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # A [[m|en|house]], a dwelling, one's home: ''à la maison''.^(Petit Robert 2007)^(Wiktionary)

+ # A household; a family or [[m|en|dynasty]]: ''la maison d'Autriche''.^(Petit Robert 2007)^(Wiktionary)

+ # A firm or business house: ''maison de commerce''.^(Petit Robert 2007)^(GLLF 1989)

+ # An institution: ''maison de retraite'', ''maison d'arrêt''.^(Petit Robert 2007)^(GLLF 1989)

+ # ''(astrology)'' A house of the zodiac.^(TLFi)

+

+ ===Adjective===

+ # ''(invariable)'' Homemade; in-house: ''tarte maison''.^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[maisonnette]]

+ * [[maisonnée]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[manoir]]

+ * [[chez]]

+ * [[la|mānsiō]]

+ * [[en|mansion]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}