botte French · revision 15680

+ {{homograph|1|bundle}}

+

+ {{infobox|confidence=probable|formation=borrowing|attested=1316|origins=dum bote}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA: /bɔt/^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''botte''' ''f'' (plural bottes)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ The bundle is [[bor|dum|bote|t=bundle of flax]],^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)^(Grand Robert 2005)^(Petit Robert 2007)^(GLLF 1989)^(Wiktionary)^(FEW|15/1, 229b) related to [[m|dum|boten|t=to beat]], so properly the amount of crop threshed at one time.^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)^(Grand Robert 2005) Bloch and Wartburg think a link with the family of [[bot]] less likely.^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989) Compare [[gml|bōte|t=bundle of flax]].^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ It is recorded in 1316 for a bundle of plants of one kind tied together.^(GLLF 1989)^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ The sense has stayed concrete: ''botte de foin, de paille'', ''botte de radis, d'asperges'', a bunch of flowers, and skeins of silk tied together.^(Petit Robert 2007)^(GLLF 1989) ''Chercher une aiguille dans une botte de foin'' is to look for a needle in a haystack.^(Petit Robert 2007) In the cavalry, ''la botte'' was the trumpet call for the distribution of fodder.^(GLLF 1989) The verb ''botteler'' “to tie in bundles” is from 1328.^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 1316 – A bundle of hay or straw.^(GLLF 1989)^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)

+ * 1328 – ''Botteler''.^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)

+ * 1351 – ''Bottelage''.^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # A [[m|en|bundle]] or [[m|en|bunch]]: ''botte de paille'', ''botte de radis''.^(Petit Robert 2007)^(Wiktionary)

+ # A [[m|en|bale]] of hay.^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[botteler]]

+

+ {{homograph|2|boot}}

+

+ {{infobox|confidence=uncertain|attested=late 12th century, Aiol (bote)}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA: /bɔt/^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''botte''' ''f'' (plural bottes)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ The boot is of unknown origin.^(DHLF 1992)^(Grand Robert 2005)^(Petit Robert 2007) The usual explanation, accepted by Bloch and Wartburg, forms it on the stem of [[bot]] “blunt, club-shaped”, since it first named a coarse, thick shoe covering part of the leg, apparently worn by monks;^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)^(DHLF 1992)^(Grand Robert 2005) Poitevin [[m|fr|bot|t=clog]] is compared.^(Grand Robert 2005) Guiraud saw in it both senses of a stem “bott-”, swollen and truncated.^(DHLF 1992)^(Grand Robert 2005) Wiktionary instead derives it from [[frk|*butt]].^(Wiktionary) [[pro|bota]] is the same word.^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The chanson de geste ''Aiol'' (late 12th century) has ''bote'' for a thick, coarse shoe.^(GLLF 1989)^(Grand Robert 2005)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ The tall boot replaced Old French ''huese'' (compare [[houseau]]), a Germanic word, the Romans having had no such footwear.^(DHLF 1992)^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989) Its shape changed with fashion and use: riding, hunting and military boots, rubber boots.^(DHLF 1992)^(Petit Robert 2007) Phrases include ''y laisser ses bottes'' “to be killed” (1584), now obsolete, and figuratively ''la botte'' stands for oppression.^(DHLF 1992)^(Wiktionary) Italy, from its shape, is ''la Botte''.^(Wiktionary) Derivatives are ''botter'', ''bottier'' (15th century) and ''bottine'' (1367).^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * late 12th century – ''Bote'', a coarse shoe.^(GLLF 1989)^(Grand Robert 2005)

+ * 1367 – ''Bottine''.^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)

+ * 16th century – The spelling ''botte''.^(DHLF 1992)

+ * 1584 – ''Y laisser ses bottes''.^(DHLF 1992)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # A [[m|en|boot]]: ''bottes de cheval'', ''bottes en caoutchouc''.^(Petit Robert 2007)^(Wiktionary)

+ # ''(figurative)'' Oppression: ''sous la botte de''.^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[botter]]

+ * [[bottier]]

+ * [[bottine]]

+ * [[débotter]]

+

+ {{homograph|3|thrust}}

+

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=borrowing|attested=1590|origins=it bottare}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA: /bɔt/^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''botte''' ''f'' (plural bottes)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ The fencing thrust is [[bor|it|botta|t=blow]],^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)^(Grand Robert 2005)^(Petit Robert 2007)^(Wiktionary) from Old Italian [[m|it|bottare|t=to strike]], itself borrowed from French [[bouter]] “to push”.^(Grand Robert 2005)^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ It is recorded from 1590 (Brantôme uses it in the 16th century) for a thrust in fencing.^(Grand Robert 2005)^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ ''Porter'', ''pousser'' or ''allonger une botte'' is to make a thrust, and a ''botte secrète'' an unstoppable one.^(Petit Robert 2007)^(GLLF 1989) Figuratively it was an unexpected attack or an awkward question, and ''proposer la botte'' meant to proposition a woman.^(Petit Robert 2007)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 1590 – A fencing thrust.^(Grand Robert 2005)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # ''(fencing)'' A [[m|en|thrust]]: ''botte secrète''.^(Petit Robert 2007)^(Wiktionary)

+ # ''(dated, familiar)'' ''Proposer la botte'': to proposition someone.^(Petit Robert 2007)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[botterie]]

+ * [[bot]]

+ * [[bouter]]

+ * [[en|boot]]

+

+ ==Usage notes==

+ A fourth ''botte'', a large cask and an old measure of capacity, comes from Italian [[m|it|botte]] or Old Occitan ''bota'', from Late Latin ''buttis''.^(Grand Robert 2005)^(TLFi)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}