halle French · revision 15666

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=borrowing|attested=1213, hale (Faits des Romains)|origins=frk *halla}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA: /al/^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''halle''' ''f'' (plural halles)^(Wiktionary)

+ Old French ''hale''^(TLFi)^(GLLF 1989)^(Grand Robert 2005); ''halle'' from about 1360^(TLFi)^(GLLF 1989)^(Grand Robert 2005). The ⟨h⟩ is aspirated.^(TLFi)^(GLLF 1989)^(Grand Robert 2005)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[inh|fro|hale]], [[bor|frk|*halla|t=large covered place]],^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992)^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)^(Grand Robert 2005)^(FEW|16, 129a) reconstructed from [[goh|halla]] and [[gmh|halle]] (modern [[de|Halle]]).^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992) Wiktionary gives [[gem-pro|*hallō]].^(Wiktionary) It is a doublet of [[hall]], borrowed from English.^(Wiktionary)^(DHLF 1992)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The ''Faits des Romains'' (1213) uses ''hale'' for a large covered place where a market is held.^(TLFi)^(GLLF 1989)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ ''Les hales'' (about 1260) are the central food market of a town, and also from 1873 ''les Halles'' were those of Paris.^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992) Since Montaigne (1595, words used ''aux hales'') and Boileau's ''langage des halles'' (1669–1674), the phrase has suggested coarse popular speech;^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992) critics mocked the Académie's dictionary of 1694 as the “dictionnaire des Halles”.^(DHLF 1992)

+

+ A ''halle'' was also a public warehouse (''halle aux vins, aux blés''), and in Switzerland a ''halle de gymnastique'' is a gymnasium.^(GLLF 1989)^(Petit Robert 2007) ''Hallage'' was the duty paid to sell in a market (about 1260).^(TLFi)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 1213 – ''Hale'' (''Faits des Romains'').^(TLFi)^(Grand Robert 2005)

+ * c. 1260 – ''Les hales''^(TLFi); ''halage'' “market duty”.^(TLFi)

+ * c. 1360 – ''Halle'' (Froissart).^(GLLF 1989)^(Grand Robert 2005)

+ * 1595 – Market speech (Montaigne).^(TLFi)

+ * 1669–1674 – ''Langage des halles'' (Boileau).^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992)

+ * 1873 – ''Les Halles'' of Paris.^(DHLF 1992)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # A covered [[m|en|market]] hall: ''halle aux poissons''.^(Petit Robert 2007)^(Wiktionary)

+ # ''Les halles'': a town's central food market^(Petit Robert 2007)^(TLFi); ''les Halles'', that of Paris.^(Petit Robert 2007)^(TLFi)

+ # A large plain building for public use^(Petit Robert 2007); ''(Switzerland)'' ''halle de gymnastique'' “gym”.^(Petit Robert 2007)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[hallier]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[hall]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}