marché French · revision 15665

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=inherited|attested=late 10th century, Passion de Clermont (marched)|origins=la merx}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA: /maʁ.ʃe/^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''marché''' ''m'' (plural marchés)^(Wiktionary)

+ Old French ''marched'' (about 980), ''marchiet'', ''marchié'' (1155), ''marcié''^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992)^(GLLF 1989); ''marché'' from about 1213.^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992)^(GLLF 1989)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[inh|fro|marchié]], [[inh|la|mercātus|t=trade; market]],^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992)^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)^(Grand Robert 2005)^(Wiktionary)^(FEW|6/2, 1b) from [[m|la|mercor|t=to trade]], from [[m|la|merx|t=goods]],^(GLLF 1989)^(Petit Robert 2007) a word perhaps connected with the god Mercury.^(Petit Robert 2007) It is a doublet of [[mercato]].^(Wiktionary)

+

+ Cognate with [[it|mercato]], [[oc|mercat]] and [[es|mercado]]; [[de|Markt]] was borrowed from Latin.^(Petit Robert 2007)^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The ''Passion de Clermont'' (late 10th century) has ''marched'' for a gathering of buyers and sellers in a public place;^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992) the ''Chanson de Roland'' uses it for a deal or bargain (1080).^(GLLF 1989)^(Petit Robert 2007)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ From the gathering the word passed to the place (Wace, 1155), to what one buys there (about 1160^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992); ''faire son marché'', 1868) and to a town with the right to hold a market (about 1150).^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992) The ''marché aux puces'' “flea market” is from 1904.^(TLFi)

+

+ The sense “deal, contract” is as old as the ''Chanson de Roland'', with phrases such as ''conclure un marché'' and ''marché de dupes''.^(Petit Robert 2007)^(GLLF 1989) In economics ''le marché'' is the state of supply and demand (1853, Proudhon), and by Voltaire's time a town or country that is a centre of trade.^(TLFi)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * late 10th century – ''Marched'' (''Passion'').^(TLFi)^(Grand Robert 2005)

+ * 1080 – “A deal” (''Roland'').^(GLLF 1989)^(Petit Robert 2007)

+ * c. 1150 – A market town.^(TLFi)

+ * 1155 – The market place (Wace).^(TLFi)

+ * 1853 – Supply and demand (Proudhon).^(TLFi)

+ * 1904 – ''Marché aux puces''.^(TLFi)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # A [[m|en|market]], a place where goods are sold: ''aller au marché''.^(Petit Robert 2007)^(Wiktionary)

+ # A [[m|en|deal]] or contract: ''conclure un marché''.^(Petit Robert 2007)^(Wiktionary)

+ # ''(economics)'' A market: ''économie de marché'', ''marché du travail''.^(Petit Robert 2007)^(TLFi)

+ # ''Bon marché'': cheap.^(Petit Robert 2007)

+ # ''Par-dessus le marché'': into the bargain.^(Petit Robert 2007)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[hypermarché]]

+ * [[supermarché]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[marchand]]

+ * [[marchandage]]

+ * [[marchander]]

+ * [[mercantile]]

+ * [[mercantilisme]]

+ * [[mercantiliste]]

+ * [[la|mercātus]]

+ * [[en|market]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}