voûte French · revision 15661

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=inherited|attested=c. 1135, volte (Couronnement de Louis)|origins=la volvō}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA: /vut/^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''voûte''' ''f'' (plural voûtes)^(Wiktionary)

+ Old French ''volte'' (about 1135), ''voste'' (about 1213), ''voute'' (1273); ''voûte'' from the Académie of 1740.^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992)^(GLLF 1989)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[inh|fro|volte]], [[inh|la-vul|*volvita]], the feminine used as a noun of [[m|la-vul|*volvitus]], a reshaping of classical [[la|volūtus]], the past participle of [[m|la|volvō|t=to roll, turn]].^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992)^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)^(Grand Robert 2005)^(Wiktionary)^(FEW|14, 620b) Medieval Latin has “voluta” “vault” (about 1213).^(TLFi)

+

+ Compare [[it|volta]] and [[es|bóveda]]; [[en|vault]] was borrowed from the old sense “vaulted room”.^(Wiktionary)^(DHLF 1992)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The ''Couronnement de Louis'' (about 1135) has ''volte'' for a vaulted room, a sense used until the 16th century; the ''Roman d'Énéas'' (about 1160) uses it for an arched roof.^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ The architectural sense, a curved stone covering resting on walls or pillars, is the main one: ''voûte en berceau'', ''en plein cintre'', ''clef de voûte'' “keystone”.^(Petit Robert 2007)^(GLLF 1989) From the 17th century it took figurative senses: ''la voûte azurée'', ''la voûte céleste'', the sky (La Fontaine, 1678–1679),^(TLFi)^(GLLF 1989) and in anatomy the ''voûte du palais'' and ''voûte plantaire'' (1690).^(TLFi)^(Petit Robert 2007)

+

+ In Quebec, by calque of English ''vault'', ''voûte'' is a bank's strongroom.^(DHLF 1992) The verb ''voûter'' “to vault; to bend” is from the 13th century.^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 1135 – ''Volte'', a vaulted room.^(TLFi)^(GLLF 1989)

+ * c. 1160 – An arched roof (''Énéas'').^(TLFi)

+ * c. 1213 – ''Voste''.^(TLFi)

+ * 1349 – ''Vote chintree'', a round arch.^(TLFi)

+ * 1678–1679 – ''Voûte azurée'' “the sky”.^(TLFi)

+ * 1690 – Anatomical and nautical senses.^(TLFi)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # A [[m|en|vault]], an arched masonry roof: ''clef de voûte''.^(Petit Robert 2007)^(Wiktionary)

+ # An [[m|en|arch]] or arched covering.^(Wiktionary)

+ # ''(literary)'' The sky: ''la voûte céleste''.^(Petit Robert 2007)^(TLFi)

+ # ''(anatomy)'' ''Voûte du palais'', the roof of the mouth;^(Petit Robert 2007) ''voûte plantaire'', the arch of the foot.^(Petit Robert 2007)^(TLFi)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[voûter]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[volte]]

+ * [[la|volvō]]

+ * [[en|vault]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}