tulipe French · revision 15655

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=borrowing|attested=1593, tulipa (Marnix)}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA: /ty.lip/^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''tulipe''' ''f'' (plural tulipes)^(Wiktionary)

+ ''Tulipa'' (1593), ''tulipan'' (1600, still used in southern dialects), ''tulippe'' (1611), ''tulipe'' (1624).^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992)^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[bor|tr|tülbent|t=turban]], by comparison of the flower's shape with a turban,^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992)^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)^(Grand Robert 2005)^(Petit Robert 2007)^(FEW|19, 188b) itself from a Persian word for “turban”.^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992) In 1554 the imperial ambassador Busbecq, travelling in Turkey, wrote of flowers “quos Turcae tulipan vocant”, which the Turks call “tulipan”;^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992)^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989) the Turkish names of the flower itself were different.^(TLFi)^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989) The GLLF has the word pass through the scholarly Latin [[la-new|tulipa]].^(GLLF 1989)

+

+ The change from “tulipan” to “tulipe” is not explained.^(DHLF 1992) Rey suggests the ending was taken for a suffix, or the influence of the Netherlands, where the tulip was grown early and a Latin form “tulipa” is found.^(DHLF 1992) The older form lives on in [[it|tulipano]], [[es|tulipán]] and [[oc|tulipan]].^(DHLF 1992)^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989) [[turban]] is a doublet.^(Grand Robert 2005)^(REW 1935)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Marnix of Saint-Aldegonde mentions five bulbs of oriental ''tulipas'' in a letter of 1593; the tulip had reached western Europe about 1560.^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ Olivier de Serres describes the ''tulipan'' in 1600, and Guez de Balzac writes ''tulipe'' in 1624.^(TLFi)^(Littré 1873) Tulips were prized by 17th-century collectors, as La Bruyère's tulip fancier shows.^(DHLF 1992)

+

+ From the shape of the flower, the name passed to tulip-shaped things: a glass lampshade or globe (1893, Courteline) and a drinking glass.^(TLFi)^(Petit Robert 2007) The tulip tree, ''tulipier'', is named from 1751.^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 1554 – Busbecq notes the Turkish ''tulipan''.^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992)

+ * about 1560 – The tulip reaches western Europe.^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992)

+ * 1593 – ''Tulipa'' in French (Marnix).^(TLFi)

+ * 1600 – ''Tulipan'' (Olivier de Serres).^(TLFi)^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)

+ * 1611 – ''Tulippe'' (Cotgrave).^(TLFi)

+ * 1624 – ''Tulipe'' (Guez de Balzac).^(TLFi)

+ * 1751 – ''Tulipier''.^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)

+ * 1893 – A tulip-shaped lampshade.^(TLFi)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # A [[m|en|tulip]], the bulbous plant and its flower.^(Petit Robert 2007)^(Wiktionary)

+ # A tulip-shaped object, such as a glass [[m|en|lampshade]] or drinking glass.^(Petit Robert 2007)^(GLLF 1989)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[tulipier]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[turban]]

+ * [[en|tulip]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}