dogue French · revision 15654

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=borrowing|attested=late 14th century, Eustache Deschamps|origins=ang docga}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA: /dɔɡ/^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''dogue''' ''m'' (plural dogues)^(Wiktionary)

+ Also ''dougue'' (1480–1481) and ''docgue'' (about 1510).^(Grand Robert 2005)^(TLFi)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[bor|enm|dogge|t=dog]],^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992)^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)^(Grand Robert 2005)^(FEW|18, 52a) from [[ang|docga]] (10th century).^(DHLF 1992)^(Bonnaffé 1920) The English word seems first to have named a particular breed of English dog, the general word being [[m|en|hound]]; its origin is unknown.^(DHLF 1992) The breed spread to other countries, giving [[it|dogo]] and [[de|Dogge]].^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Eustache Deschamps (late 14th century) puts the insult ''franche dogue'', “French dog”, into an Englishman's mouth, and a Rouen document of 1406 records the English calling the French ''chiens, dogue''.^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992)^(Bonnaffé 1920)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ As the name of a breed it appears in 1480–1481, of two ''dougues'' newly come from England,^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992) and Du Bellay speaks of “le généreux dogue anglois”.^(Littré 1873)^(Bonnaffé 1920) Figuratively it was used from 1536 of an irascible, aggressive person (Collerye's ''vieilles dogues''),^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992) now surviving mainly in ''être d'une humeur de dogue'' “to be in a foul temper” (1806).^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992)^(Petit Robert 2007) The diminutive ''doguin'' (1611) and the verb ''doguer'' (1680) are obsolete,^(DHLF 1992) and [[bouledogue]] was later taken from English ''bulldog''.^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)^(DHLF 1992)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 10th century – Old English ''docga''.^(DHLF 1992)

+ * late 14th century – ''Franche dogue'' (Deschamps).^(TLFi)^(GLLF 1989)

+ * 1406 – An insult for the French at Rouen.^(TLFi)^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)

+ * 1480–1481 – ''Dougues'' from England.^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992)

+ * 1536 – A surly person (Collerye).^(TLFi)

+ * 1678 – ''Dogue d'amure'', a hole in a ship's bulwark.^(DHLF 1992)

+ * 1806 – ''Humeur de dogue''.^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # A [[m|en|mastiff]], a heavy guard dog with a short muzzle: ''dogue allemand'' “Great Dane”.^(Petit Robert 2007)^(Wiktionary)

+ # ''Être d'une humeur de dogue'': to be in a foul temper.^(Petit Robert 2007)^(TLFi)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[bouledogue]]

+ * [[en|dog]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}