meute French · revision 15645

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=inherited|attested=c. 1150, Charroi de Nîmes (muete)|origins=la moveō}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA: /møt/^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''meute''' ''f'' (plural meutes)^(Wiktionary)

+ Old French ''muete'';^(TLFi) ''meute'' from about 1200.^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[inh|fro|muete]], [[inh|la-vul|*movita]], the feminine used as a noun of [[m|la-vul|*movitus]], a past participle of [[la|moveō|t=to move]] rebuilt on the verb's stem beside classical [[m|la|mōtus]].^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992)^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)^(Wiktionary)^(FEW|6/3, 169a) Compare [[la-med|movita|t=uprising, expedition]], [[roa-oit|motta|t=movement; landslide]] and [[osp|muebda|t=movement; crowd]].^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992)^(REW 1935)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The ''Charroi de Nîmes'' (about 1150) has ''muete'' for a pack of hounds trained to hunt.^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ From the 12th to the 16th century the word also meant an uprising or military expedition, the sense behind [[émeute]] “riot” and [[mutin]] “mutineer”;^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992)^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989) Wace speaks of ''la grant meute d'outremer'', the great crusade.^(Littré 1873) Hunting phrases such as ''chiens de meute'' (about 1180) keep the old active sense of rousing game.^(DHLF 1992)

+

+ The old form ''muete'' was kept for the kennel (1423), as in the Château de la Muette in the Bois de Boulogne, whose name is now wrongly pronounced as if from ''muet'' “mute”.^(DHLF 1992)^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)^(Littré 1873) Figuratively, from 1812–1819, a ''meute'' is a band of people hounding someone: ''une meute de créanciers, de photographes''.^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992)^(Petit Robert 2007)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 1150 – ''Muete'', a pack of hounds.^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992)

+ * 12th–16th centuries – Also an uprising, an expedition.^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992)

+ * c. 1200 – The form ''meute''.^(TLFi)

+ * 1375 – ''Ameuter'' “to gather a pack”.^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)

+ * 1423 – ''Muete'' “kennel”.^(DHLF 1992)

+ * 1819 – A pack of pursuers (Boiste).^(TLFi)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # A [[m|en|pack]] of hounds for hunting.^(Petit Robert 2007)^(Wiktionary)

+ # A pack of dogs or other animals: ''les loups vivent en meute''.^(Petit Robert 2007)

+ # ''(figurative)'' A [[m|en|mob]] or band of people hounding someone.^(Petit Robert 2007)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[mutin]]

+ * [[ameuter]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[émeute]]

+ * [[mouvoir]]

+ * [[la|moveō]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}