soupe French · revision 15620

+ {{infobox|confidence=probable|formation=inherited|attested=mid-12th century, soppe|origins=gem-pro *supô}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA: /sup/^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''soupe''' ''f'' (plural soupes)^(Wiktionary)

+ Old French ''soppe'', ''sope'' (mid-12th century); ''soupe'' from about 1195.^(DHLF 1992)^(Grand Robert 2005)^(GLLF 1989)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[inh|fro|sope]], [[inh|la-lat|suppa|t=sopped bread]] (about 500),^(DHLF 1992)^(Grand Robert 2005)^(Wiktionary)^(FEW|17, 284b) which also gave [[it|zuppa]] and [[es|sopa]].^(DHLF 1992)^(REW 1935) ''Suppa'' is of Germanic origin according to Bloch and Wartburg, the GLLF and Wiktionary, from [[gmw-pro|*suppā]], related to [[got|𐍃𐌿𐍀𐍉𐌽|tr=supōn|t=to season]], [[nl|sopen|t=to dip]] and [[en|sop]];^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)^(GLLF 1989)^(Wiktionary)^(Académie 9) Wiktionary gives [[gem-pro|*supô]].^(Wiktionary) Guiraud's derivation from [[la|suppus|t=lying on one's back]], the slice of bread lying flat in the bowl, is not supported.^(DHLF 1992)^(Grand Robert 2005)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The first sense (mid-12th century) is a slice of bread on which broth, milk or wine was poured,^(DHLF 1992)^(TLFi)^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989) as in ''taillier des soupes'' (about 1260).^(TLFi)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ From the bread the name passed to the broth or stew thickened with bread or other solid food (''soupe ès pois'', 1310–1340), the modern sense.^(TLFi)^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989) The old sense survives in phrases no longer understood literally: ''tailler la soupe'', ''tremper la soupe'' (1664) and ''trempé comme une soupe'' “soaked through” (1783).^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992)

+

+ The soup became a symbol of plain, solid food (Molière, 1672) and of one's living: ''soupe populaire'' “soup kitchen” (1913), soldiers' ''à la soupe!'' “come and eat!”.^(TLFi)^(Petit Robert 2007) ''Soupe au lait'' “quick-tempered”, like milk boiling over, is from 1737, and ''être soupe au lait'' from 1919.^(TLFi) The verb [[souper]] “to have supper” (about 1138) is derived from it.^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 500 – Late Latin ''suppa''.^(DHLF 1992)^(GLLF 1989)

+ * mid-12th century – ''Soppe'', a slice of sopped bread.^(DHLF 1992)^(GLLF 1989)

+ * c. 1195 – The form ''soupe''.^(DHLF 1992)^(Grand Robert 2005)

+ * 1310–1340 – Soup with bread or vegetables.^(TLFi)

+ * 1664 – ''Tremper la soupe''.^(TLFi)

+ * 1737 – ''Soupe au lait'' “quick-tempered”.^(TLFi)

+ * 1913 – ''Soupe populaire''.^(TLFi)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # [[m|en|soup|alt=Soup]], a broth with bread, vegetables or other solid food: ''soupe à l'oignon''.^(Petit Robert 2007)^(Littré 1873)

+ # ''(familiar)'' A meal, food: ''à la soupe!''.^(Petit Robert 2007)^(TLFi)

+ # ''Soupe populaire'': a [[m|en|soup kitchen]].^(Petit Robert 2007)^(TLFi)

+ # ''(dated)'' A slice of bread soaked in broth.^(Petit Robert 2007)^(TLFi)

+ # ''Soupe au lait'' (adjective): quick-tempered.^(Petit Robert 2007)^(TLFi)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[souper]]

+ * [[soupière]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[en|soup]]

+ * [[en|sop]]

+

+ ==Usage notes==

+ ''Trempé comme une soupe'' “soaked to the skin” keeps the old sense of a slice of bread soaked in broth.^(Petit Robert 2007)^(TLFi)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}