talisman French · revision 15612

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=borrowing|attested=1592, Joseph Scaliger|origins=grc τέλεσμα}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA: /ta.lis.mɑ̃/^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''talisman''' ''m'' (plural talismans)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[bor|ar|طلسم|tr=ṭilasm|t=talisman, charm]],^(DHLF 1992)^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)^(Grand Robert 2005)^(Petit Robert 2007) which the TLFi has pass through Persian;^(TLFi)^(Académie 9) the vowels were transposed, and the ending “-an” is explained by the Arabic dual [[m|ar|طلسمان|tr=ṭilasmān]],^(DHLF 1992)^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)^(GLLF 1989)^(FEW|19, 187b) or, according to Corominas, by confusion with the homonym “talisman”, a Muslim cleric.^(TLFi) The Arabic word was taken from late [[grc|τέλεσμα|tr=télesma|t=payment; religious rite]], in Byzantine Greek “consecrated object, talisman”,^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992)^(Wiktionary) from [[m|grc|τελέω|tr=teléō|t=to complete, perform]], from [[m|grc|τέλος|tr=télos|t=end, fulfilment]].^(DHLF 1992)

+

+ From the same Arabic dual come [[es|talismán]] and [[it|talismano]].^(DHLF 1992)^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)

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+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Joseph Scaliger wrote in a letter of 1592 that “the Arabs call them ''talisman''”, of objects credited with magic powers.^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992)^(Petit Robert 2007)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ A different ''talisman'', “Muslim teacher of the law, imam” (1546), came through Turkish from a Persian word for “learned man” and has died out;^(DHLF 1992)^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)^(FEW|19, 39a) d'Aubigné still writes of “talismans et prestres”.^(Littré 1873) From 1713 (Hamilton), ''talisman'' is also used figuratively of anything with a sovereign, seemingly magic effect, as beauty for a woman who thinks nothing can resist it.^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992)^(GLLF 1989)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 1546 – ''Talisman'' “Muslim cleric”.^(DHLF 1992)^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)

+ * 1592 – The magic object (Scaliger).^(TLFi)^(Petit Robert 2007)

+ * 1629 – Gaffarel's use, the first date in the Grand Robert and the GLLF.^(Grand Robert 2005)^(GLLF 1989)

+ * 1713 – Figurative sense (Hamilton).^(TLFi)^(GLLF 1989)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # A [[m|en|talisman]], an object bearing signs and believed to give magic protection or power; an [[m|en|amulet]].^(Petit Robert 2007)^(TLFi)

+ # ''(figurative)'' Something that seems to have a magic, irresistible effect.^(Petit Robert 2007)^(GLLF 1989)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[en|talisman]]

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+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}