parasol French · revision 15610

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=borrowing|attested=1540, parassous}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA: /pa.ʁa.sɔl/^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''parasol''' ''m'' (plural parasols)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[bor|it|parasole]], recorded from the 14th century,^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992)^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)^(Wiktionary) literally “what keeps off the sun”, from [[m|it|para-]], from [[m|it|parare|t=to ward off]], and [[m|it|sole|t=sun]].^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992)^(GLLF 1989)^(Académie 9)^(FEW|7, 633b) The first French forms came through the ports of southern France, as the plural “parassous” (for “parasson”) of 1540 shows beside Genoese [[lij|parasõ]].^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992) French formations such as [[parapluie]] and [[parachute]] followed its model.^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The first record (1540) is in the inventory of a galley, for an awning over the poop that shaded the officers from the sun.^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ A Bordeaux chronicle notes that in 1580 people going into the country began to carry parasols against rain in winter and sun in summer, a custom from Italy.^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992) The large fixed parasol of cafés and beaches dates from the 19th and early 20th centuries.^(DHLF 1992)^(GLLF 1989) In African, Réunion and Mauritian French ''parasol'' is used where European French says ''parapluie''.^(DHLF 1992)

+

+ From the shape come ''en parasol'' of trees (Chateaubriand, 1811) and the ''pin parasol'' “umbrella pine” (1835).^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 1540 – A galley awning.^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992)

+ * 1548 – The date Bloch and Wartburg and the Robert give for the portable sunshade.^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)^(Grand Robert 2005)

+ * 1580 – Parasols come into use in Bordeaux.^(TLFi)

+ * 1811 – ''Pins en parasols''.^(TLFi)

+ * 1835 – ''Pin parasol''.^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # A large [[m|en|sunshade]] fixed on a stand, as at a café table or on a beach.^(Petit Robert 2007)^(GLLF 1989)

+ # ''(dated)'' A portable [[m|en|parasol]] or umbrella.^(Petit Robert 2007)^(TLFi)

+ # ''(Africa, Indian Ocean)'' An [[m|en|umbrella]].^(DHLF 1992)

+ # ''Pin parasol'': the umbrella [[m|en|pine]].^(TLFi)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[parapluie]]

+ * [[parachute]]

+ * [[en|parasol]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}