πλάτανος Ancient Greek · revision 15571

+ {{infobox|confidence=disputed|formation=borrowing|attested=5th century BC, Aristophanes|origins=qfa-sub-grc}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (5th-century BC Attic): /plá.ta.nos/^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (4th-century AD Koine): /ˈpla.ta.nos/^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (10th-century Byzantine): /ˈpla.ta.nos/^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''πλᾰ́τᾰνος''' (plátanos) ''f'' (genitive πλᾰτᾰ́νου); second declension^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It has traditionally been derived from [[m|grc|πλατύς|tr=platús|t=broad]], the tree being named after its broad leaves or its flat patches of bark.^(Beekes 2010)^(Wiktionary) Beekes rejects this because the oldest form, [[m|grc|πλατάνιστος|tr=platánistos]], is opaque in formation, and assumes that the name of this Asiatic and south-east European tree was borrowed from Pre-Greek, [[der|qfa-sub-grc|-]], and only later associated with [[m|grc|πλατύς|tr=platús]].^(Beekes 2010)^(Frisk 1960)^(Wiktionary) A proposed Arabic source is rejected by Rosół.^(Rosół 2013)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The older form [[πλατάνιστος|tr=platánistos]] is in the ''Iliad'' (2.307), Herodotus and Theocritus.^(Beekes 2010)^(Frisk 1960) Πλάτανος itself first appears in Aristophanes (''Knights'' 528).^(GLAUx)^(Beekes 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ Aristophanes, Plato, Xenophon and Theophrastus use it for the plane tree; it is in Plato's ''Phaedrus'' (229a).^(CGL 2021)^(GLAUx)^(Beekes 2010) Its derivatives include [[πλατανών|tr=platanṓn]] “plane grove”.^(Beekes 2010)

+

+ Latin borrowed it as [[m|la|platanus]].^(Saalfeld 1874)^(Wiktionary) Medieval and Modern Greek ''ο πλάτανος'' became masculine, after the other nouns in -ος.^(Kriaras)^(Triantafyllidis 1998)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * Homer – The ''Iliad'' has the older form πλατάνιστος.^(Beekes 2010)

+ * 5th century BC – Aristophanes uses πλάτανος.^(GLAUx)^(Beekes 2010)

+ * 5th–4th century BC – Plato and Xenophon use it.^(CGL 2021)^(GLAUx)^(DGE)

+ * 4th–3rd century BC – Theophrastus uses it.^(Beekes 2010)^(DGE)

+ * Modern Greek – ''πλάτανος'' is masculine.^(Triantafyllidis 1998)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # The [[m|en|plane tree]], ''Platanus orientalis''.^(CGL 2021)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[la|platanus]]

+ * [[en|plane tree]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}