σχολή Ancient Greek · revision 15556

+ {{infobox|confidence=probable|formation=derivation|attested=6th–5th century BC, Pindar|origins=ine-pro *seǵʰ-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (5th-century BC Attic): /skʰo.lɛ̌ː/^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (4th-century AD Koine): /sxoˈli/^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (10th-century Byzantine): /sxoˈli/^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''σχολή''' (skholḗ) ''f'' (genitive σχολῆς); first declension^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[inh|grk-pro|*skʰolā́|t=holding back]], from the root [[m|ine-pro|*seǵʰ-|t=to hold]].^(Wiktionary) Frisk explains it as originally “holding back, stopping”, formed from the aorist stem of [[m|grc|σχεῖν|tr=skheîn]], the aorist of [[m|grc|ἔχω|tr=ékhō|t=to hold]], with a suffix in /l/; its /o/ follows the many verbal nouns such as [[m|grc|βολή|tr=bolḗ]] and [[m|grc|στολή|tr=stolḗ]].^(Frisk 1960)^(Wiktionary) The Πάπυρος dictionary calls the etymology uncertain, because both the /o/ and the suffix are problems.^(Πάπυρος)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Its first recorded use is in Pindar (''Nemean'' 10.46), for leisure.^(GLAUx)^(LSJ 1940)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ In Classical Greek it is leisure, free time and rest: Herodotus, Euripides and Thucydides say σχολὴν ἄγειν “to be at leisure”, and Aristotle opposes it to [[ἀσχολία|tr=askholíā]] “business”.^(LSJ 1940)^(CGL 2021) Tragedy uses it for slowness and delay, and Plato for a pastime, a way of using free time.^(CGL 2021) Aristotle uses it for a lecture or discussion and for a group of scholars, and the New Testament and Plutarch for the school of a particular teacher; it also came to mean the lecture hall itself.^(CGL 2021)^(Frisk 1960)^(Wiktionary) In late Greek the plural named the imperial guard, Latin ''scholae''.^(Wiktionary)

+

+ Latin borrowed it as [[m|la|schola]].^(Saalfeld 1874)^(Wiktionary) Its derivative [[σχόλιον|tr=skhólion]] meant an explanation or commentary, a scholion.^(Frisk 1960) Modern Greek ''σχολή'' “school, faculty” is learned, with senses taken from French ''école'' and ''faculté'' and German ''Fakultät'';^(Triantafyllidis 1998) ''σκόλη'' “holiday” is a medieval back-formation from [[m|grc|σχολάζω|tr=skholázō]].^(Triantafyllidis 1998)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 6th–5th century BC – Pindar uses it for leisure.^(GLAUx)^(LSJ 1940)^(DGE)

+ * 5th century BC – Herodotus and Thucydides use the phrase “to be at leisure”.^(LSJ 1940)^(DGE)

+ * 5th–4th century BC – Plato uses it for a pastime.^(CGL 2021)^(DGE)

+ * 4th century BC – Aristotle uses it for a lecture and for a group of scholars.^(CGL 2021)^(DGE)

+ * 1st century AD – The New Testament uses it for a teacher's school.^(CGL 2021)

+ * Modern Greek – ''σχολή'' means a school or faculty.^(Triantafyllidis 1998)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # [[m|en|leisure|alt=Leisure]], free time, rest.^(LSJ 1940)^(CGL 2021)

+ # Leisureliness, slowness, delay.^(CGL 2021)

+ # A leisure pursuit, pastime.^(CGL 2021)

+ # A [[m|en|lecture]], learned discussion.^(CGL 2021)^(Wiktionary)

+ # A group of scholars; a [[m|en|school]]; a lecture hall.^(CGL 2021)^(Wiktionary)

+ # ''(plural, late)'' The imperial guard.^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[ἀποσχολάζω|tr=aposkholázō]]

+ * [[ἀσχολέω|tr=askholéō]]

+ * [[ἀσχολία|tr=askholíā]]

+ * [[ἄσχολος|tr=áskholos]]

+ * [[σχολάζω|tr=skholázō]]

+ * [[σχολαῖος|tr=skholaîos]]

+ * [[σχολαιότης|tr=skholaiótēs]]

+ * [[σχολαστής|tr=skholastḗs]]

+ * [[σχολαστικός|tr=skholastikós]]

+ * [[σχολεῖον|tr=skholeîon]]

+ * [[σχολερός|tr=skholerós]]

+ * [[σχολικός|tr=skholikós]]

+ * [[σχόλιον|tr=skhólion]]

+ * [[σχολύδριον|tr=skholúdrion]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[ἀσχαλάω|tr=askhaláō]]

+ * [[la|schola]]

+ * [[en|school]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}