τάσσω Ancient Greek · revision 15548

+ {{infobox|confidence=uncertain|formation=inherited|attested=6th–5th century BC, Pindar}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (5th-century BC Attic): /tás.sɔː/^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (4th-century AD Koine): /ˈtas.so/^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (10th-century Byzantine): /ˈtas.so/^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''τᾰ́σσω''' (tássō) ^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It may be inherited, [[inh|ine-pro|*teh₂g-|t=to order, establish]].^(Wiktionary)^(Beekes 2010) Frisk calls it a regular system of forms with an unknown prehistory.^(Frisk 1960) The /g/ of [[m|grc|ταγή|tr=tagḗ]] shows that the present τάσσω, Attic [[m|grc|τάττω|tr=táttō]], replaced an older [[m|grc|*τάζω|tr=*tázō]].^(Beekes 2010)^(Πάπυρος)

+

+ Outside Greek it has been compared with the Parthian title tgmdr, read as “giver of orders”, [[peo|ham-ataxšatā|t=they put in order]] and [[txb|tāś|t=commander]], and, less surely, [[lt|patogùs|t=convenient]].^(Beekes 2010)^(LIV 2001) Beekes reconstructs a root *teh₂g-, which would explain the Old Persian form, in place of the LIV's awkward [[m|ine-pro|*tag-]].^(Beekes 2010)^(LIV 2001)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ It is post-Homeric.^(Beekes 2010) Its first recorded uses are in Pindar and Aeschylus.^(GLAUx)^(LSJ 1940)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ Its central sense is military: a commander draws up an army or a fleet in order (Aeschylus, Herodotus, Euripides, Thucydides), and the passive is to be drawn up for battle.^(CGL 2021) From there it meant to post or station someone, to appoint or assign, and to arrange or put in order in general.^(Wiktionary)^(Beekes 2010)

+

+ It is very often used with prefixes ([[διατάσσω|tr=diatássō]], [[συντάσσω|tr=suntássō]]...), and its nouns [[τάξις|tr=táxis]] “order, arrangement” and [[τάγμα|tr=tágma]] and its adjective [[τακτικός|tr=taktikós]] “of drawing up troops, tactical” (Xenophon) were formed from it.^(Beekes 2010) Modern Greek ''τάσσω'' is a learned word.^(Triantafyllidis 1998)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 6th–5th century BC – Pindar and Aeschylus use it.^(GLAUx)^(LSJ 1940)^(DGE)

+ * 5th century BC – Herodotus and Thucydides use it for drawing up troops.^(CGL 2021)^(DGE)

+ * 5th–4th century BC – Xenophon uses the adjective τακτικός.^(Beekes 2010)^(DGE)

+ * Modern Greek – ''τάσσω'' survives as a learned word.^(Triantafyllidis 1998)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To draw up (troops), array, [[m|en|marshal]];^(CGL 2021) ''(passive)'' to be drawn up.^(CGL 2021)^(Wiktionary)

+ # To post, station.^(Wiktionary)^(Beekes 2010)

+ # To appoint, [[m|en|assign]].^(Wiktionary)

+ # To [[m|en|arrange]], put in order; to establish.^(Wiktionary)^(Beekes 2010)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[ἀντιτάσσω|tr=antitássō]]

+ * [[ἀποτάσσω|tr=apotássō]]

+ * [[διατάσσω|tr=diatássō]]

+ * [[ἐκτάσσω|tr=ektássō]]

+ * [[ἐπιτάσσω|tr=epitássō]]

+ * [[μετατάσσω|tr=metatássō]]

+ * [[παρατάσσω|tr=paratássō]]

+ * [[προστάσσω|tr=prostássō]]

+ * [[προτάσσω|tr=protássō]]

+ * [[συντάσσω|tr=suntássō]]

+ * [[τάγμα|tr=tágma]]

+ * [[τακτικός|tr=taktikós]]

+ * [[τάξις|tr=táxis]]

+ * [[ὑποτάσσω|tr=hupotássō]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[ταγός|tr=tāgós]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}