δίαιτα Ancient Greek · revision 15541

+ {{infobox|confidence=probable|formation=derivation|attested=7th–6th century BC, Alcaeus|origins=grc αἴνυμαι}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (5th-century BC Attic): /dí.ai̯.ta/^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (4th-century AD Koine): /ˈði.ɛ.ta/^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (10th-century Byzantine): /ˈði.e.ta/^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''δῐ́αιτᾰ''' (díaita) ''f'' (genitive δῐαίτης); first declension^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is a back-formation from the verb [[m|grc|διαιτάομαι|tr=diaitáomai|t=to live]], [[m|grc|διαιτάω|tr=diaitáō]].^(Beekes 2010)^(Frisk 1960)^(DGE) That verb stands beside [[m|grc|αἴνυμαι|tr=aínumai|t=to take]] as [[m|grc|ἀρτάω|tr=artáō]] stands beside [[m|grc|ἀείρω|tr=aeírō]]: it meant at first “to take apart, divide”, whence on the one hand “to share out food, feed oneself, live”, and on the other “to decide”, in the legal sense of [[m|grc|αἴτιος|tr=aítios]].^(Beekes 2010)^(Frisk 1960) Only in the medical sense “to treat as a physician” is [[m|grc|διαιτάω|tr=diaitáō]] derived from δίαιτα.^(Beekes 2010)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Its first recorded uses are in Alcaeus, for a life free from toil, and in Pindar.^(DGE)^(GLAUx)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ In Classical Greek it is a way of life, daily life (Pindar, Herodotus, tragedy, Thucydides), and the means of supporting it.^(CGL 2021) Thucydides and Plato use it for a prescribed regimen for athletes and the sick, and Herodotus, Plato and Xenophon for the kind of food eaten, a diet.^(CGL 2021) It was also a stay or residence, and a room or lodging (Aristophanes, Aristotle).^(CGL 2021) At Athens it was arbitration, and its arbitrator was the [[διαιτητής|tr=diaitētḗs]].^(CGL 2021)^(Beekes 2010)

+

+ Latin borrowed it as [[m|la|diaeta]].^(Saalfeld 1874) Modern Greek ''δίαιτα'' “diet” is learned;^(Triantafyllidis 1998) ''δίαιτα'' “diet, assembly” is a learned borrowing of Medieval Latin ''dieta'', from Latin ''dies'' “day” after German ''Tag'', spelt to match the ancient word.^(Triantafyllidis 1998)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 7th–6th century BC – Alcaeus uses it for a way of life.^(DGE)

+ * 6th–5th century BC – Pindar uses it.^(GLAUx)^(DGE)

+ * 5th century BC – Herodotus uses it for diet.^(CGL 2021)^(DGE)

+ * 5th century BC – Thucydides uses it for a regimen.^(CGL 2021)^(DGE)

+ * 5th–4th century BC – Aristophanes and the orators use it for arbitration.^(CGL 2021)^(DGE)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # A way of life, daily life.^(LSJ 1940)^(CGL 2021)

+ # Sustenance, food.^(CGL 2021)^(Wiktionary)

+ # A prescribed regimen; a [[m|en|diet]].^(CGL 2021)

+ # A stay, [[m|en|residence]]; a dwelling, a room.^(CGL 2021)^(Wiktionary)

+ # ''(Athens)'' [[m|en|arbitration|alt=Arbitration]].^(CGL 2021)^(Beekes 2010)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[ἁβροδίαιτος|tr=habrodíaitos]]

+ * [[διαιτητής|tr=diaitētḗs]]

+ * [[διαιτητικός|tr=diaitētikós]]

+ * [[ἰσοδίαιτος|tr=isodíaitos]]

+ * [[διαίτημα|tr=diaítēma]]

+ * [[διαιτοχορηγία|tr=diaitokhorēgía]]

+ * [[διαίτωμα|tr=diaítōma]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[διαιτάω|tr=diaitáō]]

+ * [[la|diaeta]]

+ * [[en|diet]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}