spinal English · revision 15512

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=borrowing|attested=1578|origins=la spīna}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA: /spaɪ.nəl/, /spaɪ.nl̩/^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[bor|la-lat|spīnālis|t=of a thorn or the spine]],^(Etymonline)^(Hoad 1986)^(MWU 2024)^(NODE 1998) from [[la|spīna|t=backbone; thorn]] (see [[spine]]).^(Etymonline)^(MWU 2024)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Of the backbone, in spinal marrow or cord: 1578 in the OED and Merriam-Webster, the 1570s in Etymonline.^(OED 1989)^(MWU 2024)^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It is used with other nouns, as spinal artery and spinal canal, from 1725,^(OED 1989) and of diseases affecting the spine from 1838.^(OED 1989) The spinal tap, a lumbar puncture, is recorded from 1960.^(Etymonline) As a noun, a spinal anaesthetic, it is from 1944.^(MWU 2024)^(AHD) A separate obsolete spinal was a textile fabric, from 1399–1400.^(OED 1989)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 1578 – spinal marrow, spinal cord.^(OED 1989)

+ * 1725 – spinal artery, canal.^(OED 1989)

+ * 1838 – spinal disease.^(OED 1989)

+ * 1944 – a spinal (anaesthetic).^(MWU 2024)

+ * 1960 – spinal tap.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Modern meaning==

+ ===Adjective===

+ # Relating to or near the [[spine]] or the [[spinal cord]].^(AHD)^(Collins 2023)

+

+ ===Noun===

+ # An [[anaesthetic]] injected near the spinal cord.^(AHD)^(Collins 2023)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[spinally]]

+ * [[dorsispinal]]

+ * [[nonspinal]]

+ * [[intraspinal]]

+ * [[prespinal]]

+ * [[interspinal]]

+ * [[cerebrospinal]]

+ * [[corticospinal]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[spine]]

+ * [[spinal cord]]

+ * [[spiny]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}