recession English · revision 15505

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=borrowing|attested=1614|origins=ine-pro *ked-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA: /ɹɪˈsɛʃn̩/^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[bor|fr|récession|t=a going back]] and directly [[la|recessiō|t=a going back]],^(Etymonline)^(MWU 2024)^(NODE 1998) from the past participle stem of [[m|la|recēdō|t=to go back, withdraw]] (see [[recede]]),^(Etymonline)^(MWU 2024) from [[m|la|re-|t=back]] and [[m|la|cēdō|t=to go]], from [[ine-pro|*ked-|t=to go, yield]].^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The act of receding or going back: the 1640s in Etymonline, before 1652 in the OED;^(Etymonline)^(OED 1989) Merriam-Webster dates it to 1614.^(MWU 2024)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ Receding parts of surfaces or outlines are called recessions from 1753,^(OED 1989) and in philology the shift of the stress towards the start of a word from 1886.^(OED 1989) The economic sense, a temporary decline in business activity, was coined in the autumn of 1929, the ''Economist'' writing of ''an immediate recession of some magnitude'',^(Etymonline)^(OED 1989) and Ayto notes more than a hint of euphemism in it.^(Etymonline) The withdrawal of clergy and choir after a service is another sense.^(AHD)^(Collins 2023) A separate recession, the ceding back of territory, is from 1828–90.^(MWU 2024)^(OED 1989)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 1614 – recession (Merriam-Webster).^(MWU 2024)

+ * 1640s – a going back.^(Etymonline)

+ * 1753 – receding outlines.^(OED 1989)

+ * 1886 – recession of accent.^(OED 1989)

+ * 1929 – an economic recession.^(Etymonline)^(OED 1989)

+

+ ==Modern meaning==

+ ===Noun===

+ # A temporary decline in economic activity, often defined by falling output over several quarters.^(AHD)^(Collins 2023)

+ # The act of receding or withdrawing.^(AHD)^(Collins 2023)

+ # The departure of clergy and choir in procession at the end of a church service.^(AHD)^(Collins 2023)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[recessionary]]

+ * [[antirecession]]

+ * [[minirecession]]

+ * [[nonrecession]]

+ * [[postrecession]]

+ * [[prerecession]]

+ * [[recessional]]

+ * [[recessionproof]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[recede]]

+ * [[recess]]

+ * [[depression]]

+ * [[cede]]

+ * [[process]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}