θέσις Ancient Greek · revision 15479

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=7th–6th century BC, Alcaeus|origins=ine-pro *dʰeh₁-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (5th-century BC Attic): /tʰé.sis/^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (4th-century AD Koine): /ˈθe.sis/^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (10th-century Byzantine): /ˈθe.sis/^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''θέσῐς''' (thésis) ''f'' (genitive θέσεως); third declension^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is formed from [[m|grc|τίθημι|tr=títhēmi|t=to put, place]] with the suffix [[m|grc|-σις|tr=-sis]]; it may also continue an inherited [[m|ine-pro|*dʰéh₁tis]], from the root [[ine-pro|*dʰeh₁-|t=to set, make]].^(Wiktionary)^(Beekes 2010) It corresponds to a Sanskrit formation found only in compounds, [[sa|अपिहिति|tr=ápihiti]] matching [[m|grc|ἐπίθεσις|tr=epíthesis]] and [[m|sa|उपहिति|tr=úpahiti]] matching [[m|grc|ὑπόθεσις|tr=hupóthesis]], and to [[la-lat|conditiō|t=foundation]].^(Beekes 2010)^(Frisk 1960) Full-grade forms of the same noun are seen in [[got|𐌲𐌰𐌳𐌴𐌸𐍃|tr=gadēþs|t=placing, adoption]], which renders Greek “adoption as sons” in Ephesians 1:5.^(Frisk 1960)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Its first recorded uses are in Alcaeus and Pindar;^(Beekes 2010) Pindar speaks of the setting of words in verse (''Olympian'' 3.8).^(Beekes 2010)^(LSJ 1940)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It is the act of setting or placing anything: laying bricks and stones (Plato), laying down arms, depositing money or court dues (Aristophanes, Lysias, Demosthenes), paying taxes, placing counters in a board game.^(LSJ 1940)^(CGL 2021) Xenophon, Plato, Demosthenes and Aristotle use it for the making of laws, Plato for the giving of a name, and Diodorus for the institution of games.^(LSJ 1940)^(CGL 2021) It also meant adoption, and in later Greek “by θέσις” (by adoption) was opposed to “by nature”.^(Wiktionary)^(LSJ 1940) In philosophy it was a position laid down, a thesis.^(Wiktionary)

+

+ It is very common in compounds of prefixed verbs: [[διάθεσις|tr=diáthesis]], [[σύνθεσις|tr=súnthesis]], [[ὑπόθεσις|tr=hupóthesis]].^(Beekes 2010) Latin borrowed it as [[m|la|thesis]].^(Saalfeld 1874)^(Wiktionary) The medieval and modern form is [[el|θέση|tr=thési]], “place, position”.^(Kriaras)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 7th–6th century BC – Alcaeus uses it.^(Beekes 2010)^(DGE)

+ * 6th–5th century BC – Pindar uses it for setting words in verse.^(LSJ 1940)^(DGE)

+ * 5th–4th century BC – Plato uses it for laying bricks and giving names.^(LSJ 1940)^(CGL 2021)^(DGE)

+ * 4th century BC – Aristotle and Demosthenes use it for lawgiving.^(LSJ 1940)^(DGE)

+ * 1st century BC – Diodorus uses it for the institution of games.^(LSJ 1940)^(DGE)

+ * Modern Greek – ''θέση'' means place, position.^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # A setting, placing, arrangement.^(LSJ 1940)^(Wiktionary)

+ # A laying down (of arms); a [[m|en|deposit]] (of money, as security); a payment.^(CGL 2021)^(Wiktionary)

+ # The making (of laws), giving (of a name), institution (of games).^(LSJ 1940)^(CGL 2021)

+ # [[m|en|adoption|alt=Adoption]], of a child, or of something as one's own.^(Wiktionary)

+ # ''(philosophy)'' A position laid down, a [[m|en|thesis]].^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[ἀνάθεσις|tr=anáthesis]]

+ * [[ἀντίθεσις|tr=antíthesis]]

+ * [[ἀπόθεσις|tr=apóthesis]]

+ * [[διάθεσις|tr=diáthesis]]

+ * [[ἔκθεσις|tr=ékthesis]]

+ * [[ἔνθεσις|tr=énthesis]]

+ * [[ἐπίθεσις|tr=epíthesis]]

+ * [[θετικός|tr=thetikós]]

+ * [[μετάθεσις|tr=metáthesis]]

+ * [[παράθεσις|tr=paráthesis]]

+ * [[προέκθεσις|tr=proékthesis]]

+ * [[πρόθεσις|tr=próthesis]]

+ * [[πρόσθεσις|tr=prósthesis]]

+ * [[συγκατάθεσις|tr=sunkatáthesis]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[la|thesis]]

+ * [[en|thesis]]

+

+ ==Usage notes==

+ Plutarch explains the name of Theseus from the placing of the tokens by which he was later recognised.^(CGL 2021)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}