carriage English · revision 15468

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=borrowing|attested=before 1387|origins=la carrus}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA: /ˈkæɹɪd͡ʒ/ ''(UK)''; /ˈkæɹɪd͡ʒ/, /ˈkɛɹɪd͡ʒ/ ''(US)''^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[inh|enm|cariage]], [[bor|xno|cariage]] (Old North French [[m|fro|cariage]]),^(Barnhart 1988)^(Etymonline)^(Hoad 1986) from [[m|fro|carier|t=to carry]] (see [[carry]]) and [[m|fro|-age]],^(Barnhart 1988)^(Etymonline) from [[la-lat|carricō]], from [[la|carrus|t=two-wheeled wagon]] (see [[car]]).^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Wheeled vehicles collectively, and the act of carrying: before 1387, in Trevisa's translation of Higden's ''Polychronicon'', in Barnhart, the late 14th century in Etymonline.^(Barnhart 1988)^(Etymonline) Carriage-man, a carter, is from 1374.^(Barnhart 1988)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ A single wheeled vehicle is from about 1400,^(Etymonline)^(Barnhart 1988) a feudal duty of transport from 1253 in Anglo-Latin,^(Barnhart 1988) and the business of transport from the 1520s.^(Etymonline) Trench notes that carriage once meant what was carried, baggage, as in Acts 21:15 in the Authorized Version.^(Trench 1859) A way of carrying one's body, bearing, is from 1596 (the 1590s), hence also conduct or manners.^(Barnhart 1988)^(Etymonline) The moving part of a machine that carries another part is from the 1680s,^(Etymonline) a horse-drawn passenger vehicle from 1706, and a railway car by 1830.^(Etymonline) The spelling with two r's became fixed during the late 16th and 17th centuries.^(Barnhart 1988)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 1253 – a feudal service of carriage (Anglo-Latin).^(Barnhart 1988)

+ * before 1387 – cariage, vehicles.^(Barnhart 1988)

+ * 1596 – bearing, deportment.^(Barnhart 1988)

+ * 1706 – a horse-drawn carriage.^(Etymonline)

+ * 1830 – a railway carriage.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Modern meaning==

+ ===Noun===

+ # A four-wheeled horse-drawn vehicle for passengers.^(AHD)^(Collins 2023)

+ # ''(British)'' A railway coach for passengers.^(Collins 2023)

+ # The way a person holds and moves the body; [[posture]], [[bearing]].^(Collins 2023)

+ # A moving part of a machine that carries another part, as of a [[typewriter]].^(AHD)^(Collins 2023)

+ # The carrying of goods, or its cost.^(Collins 2023)^(OED 1989)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[carriageway]]

+ * [[miscarriage]]

+ * [[undercarriage]]

+ * [[baby carriage]]

+ * [[carriage bolt]]

+ * [[carriage dog]]

+ * [[carriage return]]

+ * [[carriage trade]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[carry]]

+ * [[car]]

+ * [[cart]]

+ * [[chariot]]

+ * [[career]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}