autonomy English · revision 15396

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=borrowing|attested=1623|origins=grc αὐτός, grc νόμος}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA: /ɔːˈtɒn.ə.mi/ ''(UK)''; /ɔˈtɑ.nə.mi/, /ɑˈtɑ.nə.mi/ ''(US)''^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[bor|grc|αὐτονομία|tr=autonomía|t=independence]], perhaps influenced by [[frm|autonomie]] (1596),^(Barnhart 1988)^(Etymonline)^(Hoad 1986) from [[m|grc|αὐτόνομος|tr=autónomos|t=living by one's own laws]], from [[m|grc|αὐτός|tr=autós|t=self]] and [[m|grc|νόμος|tr=nómos|t=custom, law]],^(Barnhart 1988)^(Etymonline)^(NODE 1998) from [[ine-pro|*nem-|t=to assign, allot]].^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The right of self-government, of a state or institution: 1623 in Barnhart, the OED and Merriam-Webster, the 1620s in Etymonline.^(Barnhart 1988)^(OED 1989)^(MWU 2024)^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ Of persons, personal freedom or the liberty to follow one's will, it is from 1803.^(Etymonline)^(OED 1989) In Kant's philosophy, the doctrine of the will giving itself its own law is from 1817.^(OED 1989)^(Etymonline) A self-governing community is from 1840,^(OED 1989) and organic independence in biology from 1871.^(OED 1989) Autonomous is from 1800, and autonomic from 1832, especially in ''autonomic nervous system'' (1896).^(Barnhart 1988)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 1623 – self-government.^(Barnhart 1988)^(OED 1989)

+ * 1800 – autonomous.^(Barnhart 1988)

+ * 1803 – personal freedom.^(Etymonline)^(OED 1989)

+ * 1817 – Kantian autonomy.^(OED 1989)

+ * 1840 – a self-governing community.^(OED 1989)

+

+ ==Modern meaning==

+ ===Noun===

+ # The right or condition of [[self-government]], especially in local or internal affairs.^(AHD)^(Collins 2023)

+ # Freedom to decide one's own actions; [[independence]].^(AHD)^(Collins 2023)

+ # A self-governing state or community.^(AHD)^(Collins 2023)

+ # ''(philosophy)'' The doctrine that the will is or should be governed by its own principles.^(Collins 2023)^(OED 1989)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[autonomist]]

+ * [[autonomic]]

+ * [[autonomism]]

+ * [[semiautonomy]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[autonomous]]

+ * [[dysautonomia]]

+ * [[auto-]]

+ * [[-nomy]]

+ * [[astronomy]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}