judiciary English · revision 15382

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=borrowing|attested=1604|origins=la iūdex}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA: /ˌd͡ʒuːˈdɪʃəɹi/ ''(UK)''; /ˌd͡ʒuːˈdɪʃɪɛɹi/ ''(US)''^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[bor|la|iūdiciārius|t=of a court of justice]], perhaps through [[fr|judiciaire]],^(Barnhart 1988)^(Etymonline)^(MWU 2024) from [[m|la|iūdicium|t=judgment, court of justice]],^(Barnhart 1988)^(Etymonline) from [[m|la|iūdex|t=a judge]] (see [[judge]]).^(Etymonline) An earlier use borrowed directly from Latin, in a Wycliffite text of before 1415, did not survive.^(Barnhart 1988)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Forming a judgement, discerning, especially in astrology: 1604 in Barnhart and the OED.^(Barnhart 1988)^(OED 1989) Relating to the courts or the administration of justice is from 1611.^(Barnhart 1988)^(OED 1989)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ The noun, the body of judges or the judicial branch of government, is from 1788 in Etymonline;^(Etymonline) judicature had been used in this sense from the 1590s.^(Etymonline) Merriam-Webster dates a noun sense to 1623.^(MWU 2024)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 1604 – discerning (astrology).^(Barnhart 1988)^(OED 1989)

+ * 1611 – relating to the courts.^(Barnhart 1988)^(OED 1989)

+ * 1788 – the body of judges.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Modern meaning==

+ ===Noun===

+ # The branch of government that administers justice; the courts.^(AHD)^(Collins 2023)

+ # The judges of a country collectively.^(AHD)^(Collins 2023)

+

+ ===Adjective===

+ # Of or relating to courts of law or judges; [[judicial]].^(Collins 2023)^(OED 1989)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[judiciarily]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[adjudication]]

+ * [[judicator]]

+ * [[judicatory]]

+ * [[judicial]]

+ * [[judge]]

+ * [[judicious]]

+ * [[judicature]]

+ * [[prejudice]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}