lining English · revision 15362

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=1378}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA: /ˈlaɪnɪŋ/^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is a verbal noun from [[m|enm|linen|t=to line a garment]] (see [[line]]) and [[-ing]].^(Barnhart 1988)^(Etymonline)^(MWU 2024)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The material with which garments are lined: 1378 in Barnhart, the late 14th century in Etymonline;^(Barnhart 1988)^(Etymonline) the OED's first quotation is from 1401–2.^(OED 1989)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ Contents, what is inside, is a figurative sense from about 1430.^(OED 1989) The extended sense, any covering of an inner surface, is from 1713,^(Etymonline)^(OED 1989) and the action of providing a lining by 1839.^(Etymonline)^(OED 1989) The proverb ''every cloud has a silver lining'' is recorded in the OED from 1634.^(OED 1989) In dialect, ''linings'' were drawers or underclothing, from 1614.^(OED 1989)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 1378 – lining of a garment.^(Barnhart 1988)

+ * c. 1430 – contents (figurative).^(OED 1989)

+ * 1634 – the proverb.^(OED 1989)

+ * 1713 – any inner covering.^(Etymonline)^(OED 1989)

+

+ ==Modern meaning==

+ ===Noun===

+ # A layer of material covering the inside surface of something, such as a garment or a [[pipe]].^(AHD)

+ # The material used for such a layer.^(AHD)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[underlining]]

+ * [[long-lining]]

+ * [[interlining]]

+ * [[brake lining]]

+ * [[silver lining]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[line]]

+ * [[linen]]

+

+ ==Usage notes==

+ In Scotland, Ireland, Yorkshire and Cheshire a lining was a thick cross-piece of wood;^(Wright 1898) in Cheshire it also meant the cord of a bricksetter's line.^(Wright 1898)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}