fatigue English · revision 15297

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=borrowing|attested=1669|origins=la fatīgō}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA: /fəˈtiːɡ/^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[bor|fr|fatigue|t=weariness]], from [[m|fr|fatiguer|t=to tire]],^(Barnhart 1988)^(Etymonline)^(Hoad 1986) from [[la|fatīgō|t=to tire out]], originally to cause to break down,^(Barnhart 1988)^(Etymonline) from a pre-Latin [[m|la|*fatiagos|t=driving to breaking point]], from [[m|la|*fatis]], an Old Latin word seen in [[m|la|affatim|t=to bursting, enough]], and the root of [[m|la|agō|t=to drive]].^(Barnhart 1988)^(Etymonline)^(Hoad 1986)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ That which causes weariness, a tiring task: 1669 in Barnhart, the OED and Merriam-Webster, the 1660s in Etymonline.^(Barnhart 1988)^(OED 1989)^(MWU 2024)^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ Weariness from exertion is from 1719.^(OED 1989)^(Etymonline) A soldier's non-military duties, sometimes given as punishment, are fatigues from 1776,^(OED 1989)^(Etymonline)^(Cresswell 2021) and fatigue dress, the clothes worn for them, from 1836.^(OED 1989) The weakening of metals under repeated stress is from 1854 in the OED (1877 in Etymonline),^(OED 1989)^(Etymonline) and a temporary loss of response in muscles or organs from 1872.^(OED 1989) The verb is from the 1690s; an earlier verb was ''fatigate'' (1530s).^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 1669 – a wearying task.^(Barnhart 1988)^(OED 1989)

+ * 1690s – to fatigue (verb).^(Etymonline)

+ * 1719 – weariness.^(OED 1989)^(Etymonline)

+ * 1776 – military fatigues.^(OED 1989)

+ * 1854 – metal fatigue.^(OED 1989)

+

+ ==Modern meaning==

+ ===Noun===

+ # Extreme tiredness from physical or mental effort; [[exhaustion]].^(AHD)^(Collins 2023)

+ # The weakening of a material such as metal under repeated [[stress]].^(AHD)^(Collins 2023)

+ # ''(physiology)'' Temporary inability of an organ or muscle to respond, after overactivity.^(AHD)^(Collins 2023)

+ # Fatigues: menial duties of soldiers, or the clothes worn for them.^(OED 1989)^(Collins 2023)

+

+ ===Verb===

+ # To tire out; to weary.^(AHD)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[fatiguingly]]

+ * [[fatigueless]]

+ * [[antifatigue]]

+ * [[overfatigue]]

+ * [[battle fatigue]]

+ * [[chronic fatigue syndrome]]

+ * [[combat fatigue]]

+ * [[compassion fatigue]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[fatigable]]

+ * [[indefatigable]]

+ * [[fatigued]]

+ * [[agent]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}