glutton English · revision 1516
12 Oct 2026, 20:32 by bogdan “New entry from the dictionary sources” current version
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+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=borrowing|attested=before 1225}}
+
+ ==Pronunciation==
+ * IPA: /ˈɡlʌtn̩/^(Wiktionary)
+
+ ==Etymology==
+ It is [[inh|enm|glotoun]], [[m|enm|glutun]],^(AHD)^(Barnhart 1995)^(MW Collegiate)^(Klein 1966) [[bor|fro|gloton]], [[m|fro|gluton]],^(AHD)^(Barnhart 1995)^(Etymonline)^(Hoad 1986) from [[la|gluttō|t=overeater]] (accusative [[m|la|gluttōnem]]),^(AHD)^(Barnhart 1995)^(Etymonline)^(MW Collegiate) related to [[m|la|gluttīre|t=to swallow]] and [[m|la|gula|t=throat]] (see [[gullet]]).^(Barnhart 1995)^(Etymonline)^(MW Collegiate)^(Hoad 1986)
+
+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==
+ One who eats and drinks to excess (before 1225 in the OED; probably before 1200 in Barnhart; early 13th century in Etymonline).^(OED 1989)^(Barnhart 1995)^(Etymonline)
+
+ ==Semantic evolution==
+ The Old French word was also a general term of abuse, “scoundrel”.^(Etymonline) In Middle English ''the glutton'' was the rich man of the parable in Luke 16 (c. 1380).^(OED 1989) The general sense, one who indulges to excess in anything, as in ''a glutton of books'', dates from about 1704.^(OED 1989)^(Etymonline) The phrase ''glutton for punishment'' comes from boxing and is recorded from 1854.^(Etymonline)^(OED 1989) In the 17th century the name was given to the [[wolverine]], as a translation of [[de|Vielfraß|t=great eater]],^(Hoad 1986)^(RHWU)^(Klein 1966) itself a folk-etymological rendering of a Norwegian word for the animal.^(Klein 1966)^(Weekley 1921)
+
+ ==Timeline==
+ * before 1225 – an overeater.^(OED 1989)^(Barnhart 1995)
+ * c. 1380 – the rich man of the parable.^(OED 1989)
+ * c. 1600 – verb, to feed greedily.^(OED 1989)
+ * 17th century – the wolverine.^(Hoad 1986)
+ * 1704 – one who indulges to excess in anything.^(OED 1989)^(Etymonline)
+ * 1854 – ''glutton for punishment''.^(Etymonline)
+
+ ==Modern meaning==
+ ===Noun===
+ # A person who eats and drinks to excess; a [[gourmand]].^(AHD)^(MW Collegiate)^(RHWU)^(Collins 2023)
+ # A person with an unusually great desire or capacity for something, as in ''a glutton for punishment''.^(AHD)^(MW Collegiate)^(RHWU)^(Collins 2023)
+ # The [[wolverine]].^(AHD)^(MW Collegiate)^(RHWU)
+
+ ==Related words==
+ * [[gluttonous]]
+ * [[gluttony]]
+ * [[glut]]
+ * [[gullet]]
+ * [[wolverine]]
+
+ ==References==
+ {{reflist}}