fury English · revision 15036

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=borrowing|attested=c. 1374|origins=la furō}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA: UK /ˈfjʊə.ri/, US /ˈfjʊr.i/^(Roach et al. 2011)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[inh|enm|furie]], [[bor|fro|furie|t=rage, frenzy]],^(Barnhart 1988)^(Etymonline)^(Hoad 1986)^(MWU 2024)^(NODE 1998) from [[la|furia|t=violent passion, rage, madness]], from or related to [[m|la|furō|t=to rage, be mad]],^(Barnhart 1988)^(Etymonline)^(Hoad 1986) which is of uncertain origin; de Vaan says that no proposed etymology is clearly the best.^(Etymonline) Barnhart compares a Greek word for a bacchante.^(Barnhart 1988)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Fierce passion approaching madness: about 1374 in the OED; rage, madness, about 1385, in Chaucer's Troilus and Criseyde, in Barnhart.^(OED 1989)^(Barnhart 1988) One of the avenging Furies is in Chaucer's Boethius, about 1380.^(Barnhart 1988)^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ The Romans used Furiae to translate the Greek Erinyes, the avenging deities.^(Etymonline) Figuratively, an angry woman, it is from the late 14th century.^(Etymonline) Violence in war is from 1534, inspired frenzy from 1546, and the fury of a storm or disease from 1585.^(OED 1989) The ''Spanish Fury'' was the sack of Antwerp in 1576.^(OED 1989) ''Like fury'', furiously, is colloquial from 1840.^(OED 1989) Furious is from 1375, in Chaucer's Anelida and Arcite.^(Barnhart 1988)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 1374 – a fierce passion.^(OED 1989)

+ * 1375 – furious.^(Barnhart 1988)

+ * c. 1380 – a Fury.^(Barnhart 1988)

+ * 1534 – rage in war.^(OED 1989)

+ * 1585 – the fury of a storm.^(OED 1989)

+ * 1840 – like fury.^(OED 1989)

+

+ ==Modern meaning==

+ ===Noun===

+ # Violent, uncontrolled anger; [[rage]].^(AHD)^(Collins 2023)

+ # An outburst of such anger.^(Collins 2023)

+ # Uncontrolled violence: ''the fury of the storm''.^(AHD)^(Collins 2023)

+ # A person, especially a woman, with a violent temper.^(AHD)^(Collins 2023)

+ # ''(Greek and Roman mythology)'' One of the [[Furies]], the avenging goddesses.^(AHD)^(Collins 2023)

+ # ''like fury'' ''(informal)'': furiously.^(Collins 2023)^(OED 1989)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[furious]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[Furies]]

+ * [[infuriate]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}