genocide English · revision 15031

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=coinage|attested=1944}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA: /ˈdʒen.ə.saɪd/^(Roach et al. 2011)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It was coined in 1944 by the Polish-born American jurist Raphael Lemkin, in his Axis Rule in Occupied Europe, of the Nazi extermination of the Jews,^(Barnhart 1988)^(Etymonline) from [[grc|γένος|tr=génos|t=race, kind]] and [[-cide]], “a killing”.^(Barnhart 1988)^(Etymonline)^(Hoad 1986)^(MWU 2024)^(NODE 1998) Etymonline notes that the regular formation would be genticide, and traces génos to [[ine-pro|*gene-|t=to give birth, beget]].^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The deliberate, systematic extermination of a national or ethnic group: 1944.^(Barnhart 1988)^(Etymonline)^(OED 1989)^(MWU 2024)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ Lemkin explained that genocide does not necessarily mean the immediate destruction of a nation, but rather a coordinated plan to destroy the foundations of its life.^(Etymonline) Genocidal is from 1948.^(Barnhart 1988)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 1944 – genocide (Lemkin).^(Barnhart 1988)^(Etymonline)

+ * 1948 – genocidal.^(Barnhart 1988)

+

+ ==Modern meaning==

+ ===Noun===

+ # The deliberate, systematic killing of a whole national, racial, political or ethnic group.^(AHD)^(Collins 2023)^(OED 1989)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[genocidal]]

+ * [[genocidally]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[homicide]]

+ * [[genus]]

+ * [[genetic]]

+ * [[kin]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}