esteem English · revision 14968

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=borrowing|attested=before 1338|origins=la aestimō}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA: /ɪˈstiːm/^(Roach et al. 2011)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[inh|enm|estemen]], [[bor|frm|estimer|t=to estimate, value]],^(Barnhart 1988)^(Etymonline)^(Hoad 1986)^(MWU 2024)^(NODE 1998) from [[la|aestimō|t=to value, appraise]], of unknown origin;^(Barnhart 1988)^(Etymonline)^(MWU 2024) Etymonline mentions a guess that it meant one who cuts copper, which de Vaan finds hardly credible.^(Etymonline) It is a doublet of [[aim]] and [[estimate]].^(Barnhart 1988)^(Hoad 1986)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The noun, account or worth: before 1338, as steem, in Mannyng's Chronicle.^(Barnhart 1988)^(Etymonline) The verb, to estimate the value of: before 1410.^(Barnhart 1988)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ The verb was at first used as estimate is now;^(Etymonline)^(NODE 1998) the sense to value or respect is first recorded in 1530, in Palsgrave.^(Barnhart 1988)^(OED 1989)^(Etymonline) To consider or deem is from the 16th century.^(Hoad 1986) The noun's sense of high regard is first recorded in 1611, in the preface to the King James Bible.^(Barnhart 1988)^(OED 1989)^(Etymonline) Estimable is from the 16th century.^(Hoad 1986)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * before 1338 – steem, worth (noun).^(Barnhart 1988)

+ * before 1410 – to estimate (verb).^(Barnhart 1988)

+ * 1530 – to value, respect.^(Barnhart 1988)^(OED 1989)

+ * 1588 – an opinion.^(OED 1989)

+ * 1611 – high regard.^(Barnhart 1988)^(OED 1989)

+

+ ==Modern meaning==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To have great respect or regard for: ''to esteem a colleague''.^(AHD)^(Collins 2023)

+ # ''(formal)'' To consider or deem.^(AHD)^(Collins 2023)

+

+ ===Noun===

+ # High regard; respect.^(AHD)^(Collins 2023)

+ # ''(archaic)'' Judgement; opinion.^(AHD)^(Collins 2023)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[disesteem]]

+ * [[estimable]]

+ * [[misesteem]]

+ * [[self-esteem]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[estimate]]

+ * [[aim]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}