garlic English · revision 14944

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=compound|attested=c. 700}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA: UK /ˈɡɑː.lɪk/, US /ˈɡɑːr.lɪk/^(Roach et al. 2011)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[inh|enm|garlek]], [[inh|ang|gārlēac]],^(Barnhart 1988)^(Etymonline)^(Hoad 1986)^(MWU 2024)^(NODE 1998) a compound of [[m|ang|gār|t=spear]] and [[m|ang|lēac|t=leek]] (see [[gar]] and [[leek]]), from the shape of the cloves, which recall a spearhead.^(Barnhart 1988)^(Etymonline)^(NODE 1998) The first part is cognate with [[goh|gēr|t=spear]] and [[non|geirr]], from [[ine-pro|*ĝhaísos]] (see [[gore]]).^(Barnhart 1988)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ About 700, in early Mercian glossaries;^(Barnhart 1988) about 1000 in the OED.^(OED 1989)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ Middle English garleyc is from about 1150.^(Barnhart 1988) Particular species such as bear's garlic are named from 1538,^(OED 1989) and a popular jig or farce of the early 17th century was called Garlic (1614).^(OED 1989) Compounds such as garlic breath and garlic butter are from 1552,^(OED 1989) and garlic bread by 1947.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 700 – gārlēac.^(Barnhart 1988)

+ * c. 1150 – garleyc.^(Barnhart 1988)

+ * 1538 – bear's garlic.^(OED 1989)

+ * 1552 – garlic breath, garlic butter.^(OED 1989)

+ * by 1947 – garlic bread.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Modern meaning==

+ ===Noun===

+ # A plant, ''Allium sativum'', related to the [[onion]], whose bulb divides into cloves.^(AHD)^(Collins 2023)

+ # The bulb of this plant, with a strong smell and taste, used in cooking.^(AHD)^(Collins 2023)

+ # Any of various related plants of the genus ''Allium''.^(Collins 2023)

+

+ ===Verb===

+ # To flavour food with garlic.^(AHD)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[garlicky]]

+ * [[garlicked]]

+ * [[garlic salt]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[leek]]

+ * [[gore]]

+ * [[gar]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}