gratitude English · revision 14943

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=borrowing|attested=before 1447|origins=la grātus}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA: UK /ˈɡræt.ɪ.tʃuːd/, US /ˈɡræt̬.ə.tuːd/^(Roach et al. 2011)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[bor|frm|gratitude]] or directly [[la-med|grātitūdō|t=thankfulness]],^(Barnhart 1988)^(Etymonline)^(Hoad 1986)^(MWU 2024)^(NODE 1998) from [[la|grātus|t=thankful, pleasing]] (see [[grace]]),^(Barnhart 1988)^(Etymonline)^(Hoad 1986) which Watkins traces to [[ine-pro|*gwere-|t=to favour]].^(Etymonline) Merriam-Webster notes that the first English use was Scots.^(MWU 2024)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Good will: before 1447 in Barnhart, the mid-15th century in Etymonline.^(Barnhart 1988)^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ Grace or favour, chiefly in Scots, is from 1500–20, in Dunbar,^(Barnhart 1988)^(OED 1989) and a free gift or gratuity from 1535.^(OED 1989) The modern sense, thankfulness, is first recorded in 1565.^(Barnhart 1988)^(OED 1989)^(Etymonline) [[gratify|alt=Gratify]], [[grateful]], [[gratuity]] and [[gratuitous]] go back to the same Latin word.^(Cresswell 2021)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * before 1447 – good will.^(Barnhart 1988)

+ * 1500–20 – grace, favour (Scots).^(Barnhart 1988)^(OED 1989)

+ * 1535 – a gratuity (Scots).^(OED 1989)

+ * 1565 – thankfulness.^(Barnhart 1988)^(OED 1989)

+

+ ==Modern meaning==

+ ===Noun===

+ # A feeling of thankfulness or appreciation, as for gifts or favours.^(AHD)^(Collins 2023)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[overgratitude]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[grace]]

+ * [[grateful]]

+ * [[gratification]]

+ * [[gratify]]

+ * [[gratuity]]

+ * [[ingratitude]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}