shingle English · revision 1194

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA: /ˈʃɪŋ.ɡəl/^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ The roofing word comes from Middle English ''scincle'', ''schingle'',^(Barnhart 1995)^(RHWU) from Old English ''scindel'',^(AHD)^(Etymonline)^(MW Collegiate) [[der|la-lat|scindula]],^(AHD)^(Barnhart 1995)^(Etymonline)^(MW Collegiate)^(RHWU) an alteration of [[la|scandula|t=shingle]],^(AHD)^(Barnhart 1995)^(MW Collegiate)^(RHWU) influenced by ''scindere'' “to split”^(AHD)^(Etymonline) or by Greek words for a lath or splinter.^(Barnhart 1995)^(RHWU) The shingle of a beach is a separate word of uncertain origin,^(Barnhart 1995)^(Etymonline) perhaps related to Norwegian ''singl'' “small stones”.^(Barnhart 1995)^(Etymonline)^(RHWU)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ A thin piece of wood used as a roof tile (about 1200).^(Barnhart 1995)^(OED 1989)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ The verb, to cover a roof with shingles, is from 1562.^(Barnhart 1995)^(OED 1989)^(MW Collegiate) In the U.S. a small signboard, especially a doctor's or lawyer's, was a ''shingle'' from 1842, hence ''to hang out one's shingle''.^(Barnhart 1995)^(Etymonline)^(OED 1989) The verb was applied to cutting hair short so that it overlaps like shingles (1857),^(Etymonline)^(OED 1989) and the noun to a woman's close-cropped haircut (1924).^(Barnhart 1995)^(Etymonline)^(OED 1989) The beach word is recorded from 1513 for a pebbly shore and from 1598 for the pebbles themselves.^(Barnhart 1995)^(OED 1989)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * about 1200 – a wooden roof tile.^(Barnhart 1995)^(OED 1989)

+ * 1513 – a pebbly beach (separate word).^(Barnhart 1995)^(OED 1989)

+ * 1562 – verb, to roof with shingles.^(Barnhart 1995)^(OED 1989)

+ * 1842 – a small signboard.^(Barnhart 1995)^(Etymonline)

+ * 1857 – verb, to cut hair short.^(Etymonline)^(OED 1989)

+ * 1924 – a woman's short haircut.^(Barnhart 1995)^(Etymonline)^(OED 1989)

+

+ ==Modern meaning==

+ ===Noun===

+ # A thin oblong piece of wood, [[slate]] or other material laid in overlapping rows to cover a roof or wall.^(AHD)^(MW Collegiate)^(RHWU)^(Wiktionary)

+ # A small signboard, as at a professional office.^(AHD)^(MW Collegiate)^(RHWU)^(Wiktionary)

+ # A woman's close-cropped [[haircut]].^(AHD)^(MW Collegiate)^(RHWU)

+ # Beach [[gravel]] of large smooth pebbles; also a stretch of shore covered with it.^(AHD)^(MW Collegiate)^(RHWU)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ===Verb===

+ # To cover a roof or building with shingles.^(AHD)^(MW Collegiate)^(RHWU)^(Wiktionary)

+ # To cut hair short and close to the head.^(AHD)^(MW Collegiate)^(Wiktionary)

+ # To arrange so as to overlap.^(MW Collegiate)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[shingler]]

+ * [[shingly]]

+ * [[reshingle]]

+ * [[shingle oak]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[shingles]]

+ * [[schism]]

+ * [[schist]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}