endive English · revision 1131

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA: /ˈɛndaɪv/, /ˈɛndɪv/ ''(UK)''; /ˈɛndaɪv/, /ɒnˈdiːv/ ''(US)''^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It comes from Middle English ''endyve'',^(Barnhart 1995)^(AHD)^(MW Collegiate) [[der|fro|endive]],^(AHD)^(Barnhart 1995)^(Etymonline)^(MW Collegiate) [[der|la-med|endivia]],^(AHD)^(Barnhart 1995)^(Etymonline)^(MW Collegiate) from Medieval Greek ''entúbia'', the plural of ''entúbion'',^(AHD)^(Barnhart 1995)^(MW Collegiate)^(RHWU) a diminutive of Greek ''éntubon'',^(AHD)^(Barnhart 1995)^(RHWU) from [[la|intubus|t=chicory, endive]].^(MW Collegiate)^(RHWU)^(Etymonline) The word is perhaps of Eastern origin;^(Etymonline) Egyptian ''tybi'' “January”, when the plant grows, has been compared.^(AHD)^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ A salad plant of the chicory genus (1373).^(Barnhart 1995)^(Etymonline)^(OED 1989)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ Etymonline notes that the original Middle English sense matched the modern American one, the blanched shoots of chicory,^(Etymonline) but confusion began when ''Cichorium endivia'' arrived in Europe from Asia in the 16th century.^(Etymonline)^(OED 1989) Today what the British call ''endive'' Americans call ''chicory'', and the reverse.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 1373 – ''endyve''.^(Barnhart 1995)

+ * about 1440 – OED's first quotation.^(OED 1989)

+ * 16th century – ''Cichorium endivia'' brought to Europe.^(Etymonline)^(OED 1989)

+

+ ==Modern meaning==

+ ===Noun===

+ # A plant (''Cichorium endivia'') grown for its crisp, slightly bitter leaves, used in salads; it includes curly endive and [[escarole]].^(AHD)^(MW Collegiate)^(RHWU)^(Wiktionary)

+ # A variety of [[chicory]] grown in the dark to form a narrow head of whitish leaves, called Belgian endive.^(AHD)^(MW Collegiate)^(RHWU)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[Belgian endive]]

+ * [[French endive]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[chicory]]

+ * [[escarole]]

+ * [[succory]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}