curry English · revision 10811
17 Oct 2026, 06:01 by bogdan “en10k b0391: pirate … revelation”
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+ Curry, a spiced dish, is from Tamil kari, sauce; curry, to groom a horse, is from Old French correier, to put in order.^(Barnhart 1988)^(Etymonline)^(Hoad 1986)
+
+ ==Pronunciation==
+ * IPA: UK /ˈkʌr.i/, US /ˈkɝː.i/^(Roach et al. 2011)
+
+ {{homograph|1|spiced dish}}
+
+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=borrowing|attested=1598|origins=ta கறி}}
+
+ ==Etymology==
+ It is [[bor|ta|கறி|tr=kaṟi|t=sauce, relish for rice]],^(Barnhart 1988)^(MWU 2024)^(Cresswell 2021) an earlier form carriel (1598) having come through Portuguese caril from Kannada karil.^(Barnhart 1988)^(Etymonline) Etymonline thinks it a blend of various south Indian words meaning black or burnt, and so applied to spices and meats.^(Etymonline)
+
+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==
+ An Indian dish, as carriel: 1598,^(Barnhart 1988)^(OED 1989)^(Cresswell 2021) the 1590s in Etymonline; the form curry is from 1681.^(Barnhart 1988)^(MWU 2024)
+
+ ==Semantic evolution==
+ Hobson-Jobson explains that in the East a small amount of a much more savoury preparation is eaten as a relish with the staple rice or bread.^(Yule & Burnell 1903) Spicy sauces from outside India, such as Thai curry, are called curries by the 1680s,^(Etymonline) and European dishes spiced in the Indian way from 1747 in British English;^(Etymonline) Word Origins mentions a curry recipe in The Art of Cookery of 1747.^(Cresswell 2021) Curry as the spice blend is from 1780,^(Etymonline) ''curry powder'' from 1810,^(Barnhart 1988) and the verb, to flavour with curry, from 1839.^(Barnhart 1988)^(Etymonline) Etymonline notes that in modern Indian cookery spice blends without turmeric are called masala.^(Etymonline) Australian slang ''give someone curry'', to attack them, is from 1941.^(OED 1989)
+
+ ==Timeline==
+ * 1598 – carriel.^(Barnhart 1988)
+ * 1681 – curry.^(Barnhart 1988)^(MWU 2024)
+ * 1747 – European curries.^(Etymonline)
+ * 1810 – curry powder.^(Barnhart 1988)
+ * 1839 – to curry (verb).^(Barnhart 1988)
+
+ ==Modern meaning==
+ ===Noun===
+ # A dish of meat, fish or vegetables cooked in a spicy sauce, originally from India.^(AHD)^(Collins 2023)
+ # Curry powder, or a sauce made with it.^(AHD)^(Collins 2023)
+
+ ===Verb===
+ # To flavour or cook with curry.^(AHD)^(Barnhart 1988)
+
+ ==Word family==
+ * [[curry powder]]
+
+ {{homograph|2|groom}}
+
+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=borrowing|attested=c. 1300|origins=xno curreier|origins=fro correier}}
+
+ ==Etymology==
+ It is [[bor|fro|correier|t=to put in order, prepare, curry a horse]], originally conreier, probably through Anglo-French curreier,^(Barnhart 1988)^(Etymonline)^(Hoad 1986) from con-, intensive, and reier, to arrange, from rei, order, of Germanic origin (compare [[ready]]).^(Barnhart 1988)^(Etymonline)^(Hoad 1986)
+
+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==
+ To rub down or comb a horse: about 1300 in Barnhart, the late 13th century in Etymonline.^(Barnhart 1988)^(Etymonline)^(Hoad 1986)
+
+ ==Semantic evolution==
+ To dress tanned leather is from the 15th century,^(Hoad 1986) and ''currycomb'' from the 16th.^(Hoad 1986) ''Curry favour'' (about 1510) is a folk-etymological alteration of earlier ''curry favel'' (about 1400),^(Barnhart 1988)^(Etymonline) from Old French correier fauvel, to be hypocritical, literally to curry the fallow or chestnut horse,^(Barnhart 1988)^(Etymonline) which in medieval French allegory stood for deceit;^(Barnhart 1988)^(Etymonline) compare German den Falben streichen, to flatter.^(Etymonline)
+
+ ==Timeline==
+ * c. 1300 – to groom a horse.^(Barnhart 1988)
+ * c. 1400 – curry favel.^(Barnhart 1988)
+ * 15th century – to dress leather.^(Hoad 1986)
+ * c. 1510 – curry favour.^(Barnhart 1988)
+
+ ==Modern meaning==
+ ===Verb===
+ # To groom a horse with a currycomb.^(AHD)
+ # To dress tanned leather.^(AHD)
+ # ''curry favour'': to try to win approval by flattery.^(Barnhart 1988)^(Etymonline)
+
+ ==Word family==
+ * [[currycomb]]
+ * [[currier]]
+
+ ==Related words==
+ * [[ready]]
+ * [[masala]]
+
+ ==References==
+ {{reflist}}