steak English · revision 10757

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=borrowing|attested=c. 1440|origins=non steik}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA: /steɪk/^(Roach et al. 2011)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is probably borrowed from a Scandinavian source such as [[bor|non|steik|t=roast meat]],^(Barnhart 1988)^(Etymonline)^(Hoad 1986)^(MWU 2024) related to steikja, to roast on a spit, and stikna, to be roasted,^(Hoad 1986)^(NODE 1998) and ultimately meaning “something stuck” on a spit (see [[stick]]).^(Etymonline)^(Barnhart 1988)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ A thick slice of meat cut for roasting or grilling: 1440 in the Promptorium Parvulorum;^(Barnhart 1988) the surname Laythstayk is from 1313–17.^(Barnhart 1988)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ A thick slice of a large fish, such as cod or salmon, is from 1883.^(OED 1989) A ''Hamburg steak'', of minced meat, is from 1884,^(OED 1989) the forerunner of the hamburger.^(Collins 2023) Steak now means chiefly beef unless another meat is named.^(AHD)^(Collins 2023)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 1313–17 – Laythstayk (surname).^(Barnhart 1988)

+ * 1440 – a slice of meat.^(Barnhart 1988)

+ * 1883 – a fish steak.^(OED 1989)

+ * 1884 – Hamburg steak.^(OED 1989)

+

+ ==Modern meaning==

+ ===Noun===

+ # A thick slice of [[beef]] or other meat, usually cut across the grain and grilled or fried.^(AHD)^(Collins 2023)

+ # A thick slice of a large fish.^(AHD)^(Collins 2023)

+ # Minced meat shaped and cooked like a steak.^(AHD)^(Collins 2023)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[cheesesteak]]

+ * [[steakhouse]]

+ * [[flank steak]]

+ * [[carpetbag steak]]

+ * [[chicken-fried steak]]

+ * [[club steak]]

+ * [[cube steak]]

+ * [[Delmonico steak]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[stick]]

+ * [[beefsteak]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}