clan English · revision 10755
17 Oct 2026, 05:44 by bogdan “en10k b0384: amber … suspicion”
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+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=borrowing|attested=c. 1425|origins=gd clann|origins=la planta}}
+
+ ==Pronunciation==
+ * IPA: /klæn/^(Roach et al. 2011)
+
+ ==Etymology==
+ It is [[bor|gd|clann|t=family, stock, offspring]],^(Barnhart 1988)^(Etymonline)^(Hoad 1986) like Old Irish cland, clann, borrowed from Latin [[m|la|planta|t=sprout, scion]] (see [[plant]]).^(Barnhart 1988)^(Etymonline)^(Hoad 1986)^(MWU 2024) The Goidelic branch of Celtic had no initial p, so it replaced Latin p- with c-;^(Barnhart 1988)^(Etymonline) the same Latin word gave Welsh plant, children.^(Barnhart 1988)^(Etymonline)
+
+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==
+ A group of families in the Highlands of Scotland claiming descent from a common ancestor: about 1425, in Scottish use;^(Barnhart 1988)^(OED 1989)^(Etymonline) the 14th century as Scots clen in Hoad.^(Hoad 1986)
+
+ ==Semantic evolution==
+ Similar tribal groups in other countries are clans from 1513,^(OED 1989) and the word was rarely used of the Irish (1672).^(OED 1989) Contemptuously, a set of people with common interests, a clique, is from 1536.^(OED 1989) ''Clannish'' is from 1776,^(Barnhart 1988) and ''clansman'' from 1810, in Scott's Lady of the Lake.^(Barnhart 1988)
+
+ ==Timeline==
+ * c. 1425 – a Highland clan.^(Barnhart 1988)
+ * 1513 – a tribal group elsewhere.^(OED 1989)
+ * 1536 – a clique (contemptuous).^(OED 1989)
+ * 1776 – clannish.^(Barnhart 1988)
+ * 1810 – clansman.^(Barnhart 1988)
+
+ ==Modern meaning==
+ ===Noun===
+ # A group of families, especially in the Scottish Highlands, claiming a common [[ancestor]] and following one chief.^(AHD)^(Collins 2023)
+ # A large [[family]], or a group of people related by birth or marriage.^(Collins 2023)
+ # A group of people with common interests or aims.^(Collins 2023)^(OED 1989)
+
+ ==Word family==
+ * [[clanless]]
+ * [[clannish]]
+ * [[clansman]]
+ * [[clanswoman]]
+ * [[interclan]]
+ * [[subclan]]
+
+ ==Related words==
+ * [[plant]]
+
+ ==References==
+ {{reflist}}